Usage: /usr/bin/clickhouse-benchmark [options] < queries.txt Allowed options: --help produce help message -q [ --query ] arg query to execute -c [ --concurrency ] arg (=1) number of parallel queries -d [ --delay ] arg (=1) delay between intermediate reports in seconds (set 0 to disable reports) --stage arg (=complete) request query processing up to specified stage: complete,fetch_columns ,with_mergeable_state,with_mergeable_st ate_after_aggregation,with_mergeable_st ate_after_aggregation_and_limit -i [ --iterations ] arg (=0) amount of queries to be executed -t [ --timelimit ] arg (=0) stop launch of queries after specified time limit -r [ --randomize ] randomize order of execution -h [ --host ] arg list of hosts --port arg list of ports --roundrobin Instead of comparing queries for different --host/--port just pick one random --host/--port for every query and send query to it. --cumulative prints cumulative data instead of data per interval -s [ --secure ] Use TLS connection -u [ --user ] arg (=default) --password arg --quota_key arg --database arg (=default) --stacktrace print stack traces of exceptions --confidence arg (=5) set the level of confidence for T-test [0=80%, 1=90%, 2=95%, 3=98%, 4=99%, 5=99.5%(default) --query_id arg --max-consecutive-errors arg (=0) set number of allowed consecutive errors --ignore-error continue testing even if a query fails --reconnect establish new connection for every query --client-side-time display the time including network communication instead of server-side time; note that for server versions before 22.8 we always display client-side time --dialect arg Which dialect will be used to parse query --min_compress_block_size arg The actual size of the block to compress, if the uncompressed data less than max_compress_block_size is no less than this value and no less than the volume of data for one mark. --max_compress_block_size arg The maximum size of blocks of uncompressed data before compressing for writing to a table. --max_block_size arg Maximum block size for reading --max_insert_block_size arg The maximum block size for insertion, if we control the creation of blocks for insertion. --min_insert_block_size_rows arg Squash blocks passed to INSERT query to specified size in rows, if blocks are not big enough. --min_insert_block_size_bytes arg Squash blocks passed to INSERT query to specified size in bytes, if blocks are not big enough. --min_insert_block_size_rows_for_materialized_views arg Like min_insert_block_size_rows, but applied only during pushing to MATERIALIZED VIEW (default: min_insert_block_size_rows) --min_insert_block_size_bytes_for_materialized_views arg Like min_insert_block_size_bytes, but applied only during pushing to MATERIALIZED VIEW (default: min_insert_block_size_bytes) --min_external_table_block_size_rows arg Squash blocks passed to external table to specified size in rows, if blocks are not big enough. --min_external_table_block_size_bytes arg Squash blocks passed to external table to specified size in bytes, if blocks are not big enough. --max_joined_block_size_rows arg Maximum block size for JOIN result (if join algorithm supports it). 0 means unlimited. --max_insert_threads arg The maximum number of threads to execute the INSERT SELECT query. Values 0 or 1 means that INSERT SELECT is not run in parallel. Higher values will lead to higher memory usage. Parallel INSERT SELECT has effect only if the SELECT part is run on parallel, see 'max_threads' setting. --max_insert_delayed_streams_for_parallel_write arg The maximum number of streams (columns) to delay final part flush. Default - auto (1000 in case of underlying storage supports parallel write, for example S3 and disabled otherwise) --max_final_threads arg The maximum number of threads to read from table with FINAL. --max_threads_for_indexes arg The maximum number of threads process indices. --max_threads arg The maximum number of threads to execute the request. By default, it is determined automatically. --use_concurrency_control arg Respect the server's concurrency control (see the `concurrent_threads_so ft_limit_num` and `concurrent_threads_s oft_limit_ratio_to_cores` global server settings). If disabled, it allows using a larger number of threads even if the server is overloaded (not recommended for normal usage, and needed mostly for tests). --max_download_threads arg The maximum number of threads to download data (e.g. for URL engine). --max_parsing_threads arg The maximum number of threads to parse data in input formats that support parallel parsing. By default, it is determined automatically --max_download_buffer_size arg The maximal size of buffer for parallel downloading (e.g. for URL engine) per each thread. --max_read_buffer_size arg The maximum size of the buffer to read from the filesystem. --max_read_buffer_size_local_fs arg The maximum size of the buffer to read from local filesystem. If set to 0 then max_read_buffer_size will be used. --max_read_buffer_size_remote_fs arg The maximum size of the buffer to read from remote filesystem. If set to 0 then max_read_buffer_size will be used. --max_distributed_connections arg The maximum number of connections for distributed processing of one query (should be greater than max_threads). --max_query_size arg The maximum number of bytes of a query string parsed by the SQL parser. Data in the VALUES clause of INSERT queries is processed by a separate stream parser (that consumes O(1) RAM) and not affected by this restriction. --interactive_delay arg The interval in microseconds to check if the request is cancelled, and to send progress info. --connect_timeout arg Connection timeout if there are no replicas. --handshake_timeout_ms arg Timeout for receiving HELLO packet from replicas. --connect_timeout_with_failover_ms arg Connection timeout for selecting first healthy replica. --connect_timeout_with_failover_secure_ms arg Connection timeout for selecting first healthy replica (for secure connections). --receive_timeout arg Timeout for receiving data from network, in seconds. If no bytes were received in this interval, exception is thrown. If you set this setting on client, the 'send_timeout' for the socket will be also set on the corresponding connection end on the server. --send_timeout arg Timeout for sending data to network, in seconds. If client needs to sent some data, but it did not able to send any bytes in this interval, exception is thrown. If you set this setting on client, the 'receive_timeout' for the socket will be also set on the corresponding connection end on the server. --tcp_keep_alive_timeout arg The time in seconds the connection needs to remain idle before TCP starts sending keepalive probes --hedged_connection_timeout_ms arg Connection timeout for establishing connection with replica for Hedged requests --receive_data_timeout_ms arg Connection timeout for receiving first packet of data or packet with positive progress from replica --use_hedged_requests arg Use hedged requests for distributed queries --allow_changing_replica_until_first_data_packet arg Allow HedgedConnections to change replica until receiving first data packet --queue_max_wait_ms arg The wait time in the request queue, if the number of concurrent requests exceeds the maximum. --connection_pool_max_wait_ms arg The wait time when the connection pool is full. --replace_running_query_max_wait_ms arg The wait time for running query with the same query_id to finish when setting 'replace_running_query' is active. --kafka_max_wait_ms arg The wait time for reading from Kafka before retry. --rabbitmq_max_wait_ms arg The wait time for reading from RabbitMQ before retry. --poll_interval arg Block at the query wait loop on the server for the specified number of seconds. --idle_connection_timeout arg Close idle TCP connections after specified number of seconds. --distributed_connections_pool_size arg Maximum number of connections with one remote server in the pool. --connections_with_failover_max_tries arg The maximum number of attempts to connect to replicas. --s3_strict_upload_part_size arg The exact size of part to upload during multipart upload to S3 (some implementations does not supports variable size parts). --azure_strict_upload_part_size arg The exact size of part to upload during multipart upload to Azure blob storage. --s3_min_upload_part_size arg The minimum size of part to upload during multipart upload to S3. --s3_max_upload_part_size arg The maximum size of part to upload during multipart upload to S3. --azure_min_upload_part_size arg The minimum size of part to upload during multipart upload to Azure blob storage. --azure_max_upload_part_size arg The maximum size of part to upload during multipart upload to Azure blob storage. --s3_upload_part_size_multiply_factor arg Multiply s3_min_upload_part_size by this factor each time s3_multiply_parts_count_threshold parts were uploaded from a single write to S3. --s3_upload_part_size_multiply_parts_count_threshold arg Each time this number of parts was uploaded to S3, s3_min_upload_part_size is multiplied by s3_upload_part_size_mu ltiply_factor. --azure_upload_part_size_multiply_factor arg Multiply azure_min_upload_part_size by this factor each time azure_multiply_parts_count_threshold parts were uploaded from a single write to Azure blob storage. --azure_upload_part_size_multiply_parts_count_threshold arg Each time this number of parts was uploaded to Azure blob storage, azure_min_upload_part_size is multiplied by azure_upload_part_size_mu ltiply_factor. --s3_max_inflight_parts_for_one_file arg The maximum number of a concurrent loaded parts in multipart upload request. 0 means unlimited. --azure_max_inflight_parts_for_one_file arg The maximum number of a concurrent loaded parts in multipart upload request. 0 means unlimited. --s3_max_single_part_upload_size arg The maximum size of object to upload using singlepart upload to S3. --azure_max_single_part_upload_size arg The maximum size of object to upload using singlepart upload to Azure blob storage. --azure_max_single_part_copy_size arg The maximum size of object to copy using single part copy to Azure blob storage. --s3_max_single_read_retries arg The maximum number of retries during single S3 read. --azure_max_single_read_retries arg The maximum number of retries during single Azure blob storage read. --azure_max_unexpected_write_error_retries arg The maximum number of retries in case of unexpected errors during Azure blob storage write --s3_max_unexpected_write_error_retries arg The maximum number of retries in case of unexpected errors during S3 write. --s3_max_redirects arg Max number of S3 redirects hops allowed. --s3_max_connections arg The maximum number of connections per server. --s3_max_get_rps arg Limit on S3 GET request per second rate before throttling. Zero means unlimited. --s3_max_get_burst arg Max number of requests that can be issued simultaneously before hitting request per second limit. By default (0) equals to `s3_max_get_rps` --s3_max_put_rps arg Limit on S3 PUT request per second rate before throttling. Zero means unlimited. --s3_max_put_burst arg Max number of requests that can be issued simultaneously before hitting request per second limit. By default (0) equals to `s3_max_put_rps` --s3_list_object_keys_size arg Maximum number of files that could be returned in batch by ListObject request --s3_use_adaptive_timeouts arg When adaptive timeouts are enabled first two attempts are made with low receive and send timeout --azure_list_object_keys_size arg Maximum number of files that could be returned in batch by ListObject request --s3_truncate_on_insert arg Enables or disables truncate before insert in s3 engine tables. --azure_truncate_on_insert arg Enables or disables truncate before insert in azure engine tables. --s3_create_new_file_on_insert arg Enables or disables creating a new file on each insert in s3 engine tables --s3_skip_empty_files arg Allow to skip empty files in s3 table engine --azure_create_new_file_on_insert arg Enables or disables creating a new file on each insert in azure engine tables --s3_check_objects_after_upload arg Check each uploaded object to s3 with head request to be sure that upload was successful --s3_allow_parallel_part_upload arg Use multiple threads for s3 multipart upload. It may lead to slightly higher memory usage --azure_allow_parallel_part_upload arg Use multiple threads for azure multipart upload. --s3_throw_on_zero_files_match arg Throw an error, when ListObjects request cannot match any files --s3_disable_checksum arg Do not calculate a checksum when sending a file to S3. This speeds up writes by avoiding excessive processing passes on a file. It is mostly safe as the data of MergeTree tables is checksummed by ClickHouse anyway, and when S3 is accessed with HTTPS, the TLS layer already provides integrity while transferring through the network. While additional checksums on S3 give defense in depth. --s3_retry_attempts arg Setting for Aws::Client::RetryStrategy, Aws::Client does retries itself, 0 means no retries --s3_request_timeout_ms arg Idleness timeout for sending and receiving data to/from S3. Fail if a single TCP read or write call blocks for this long. --s3_connect_timeout_ms arg Connection timeout for host from s3 disks. --enable_s3_requests_logging arg Enable very explicit logging of S3 requests. Makes sense for debug only. --s3queue_default_zookeeper_path arg Default zookeeper path prefix for S3Queue engine --s3queue_enable_logging_to_s3queue_log arg Enable writing to system.s3queue_log. The value can be overwritten per table with table settings --s3queue_allow_experimental_sharded_mode arg Enable experimental sharded mode of S3Queue table engine. It is experimental because it will be rewritten --hdfs_replication arg The actual number of replications can be specified when the hdfs file is created. --hdfs_truncate_on_insert arg Enables or disables truncate before insert in s3 engine tables --hdfs_create_new_file_on_insert arg Enables or disables creating a new file on each insert in hdfs engine tables --hdfs_skip_empty_files arg Allow to skip empty files in hdfs table engine --hsts_max_age arg Expired time for hsts. 0 means disable HSTS. --extremes arg Calculate minimums and maximums of the result columns. They can be output in JSON-formats. --use_uncompressed_cache arg Whether to use the cache of uncompressed blocks. --replace_running_query arg Whether the running request should be canceled with the same id as the new one. --max_remote_read_network_bandwidth arg The maximum speed of data exchange over the network in bytes per second for read. --max_remote_write_network_bandwidth arg The maximum speed of data exchange over the network in bytes per second for write. --max_local_read_bandwidth arg The maximum speed of local reads in bytes per second. --max_local_write_bandwidth arg The maximum speed of local writes in bytes per second. --stream_like_engine_allow_direct_select arg Allow direct SELECT query for Kafka, RabbitMQ, FileLog, Redis Streams, and NATS engines. In case there are attached materialized views, SELECT query is not allowed even if this setting is enabled. --stream_like_engine_insert_queue arg When stream like engine reads from multiple queues, user will need to select one queue to insert into when writing. Used by Redis Streams and NATS. --distributed_insert_skip_read_only_replicas arg If true, INSERT into Distributed will skip read-only replicas. --distributed_foreground_insert arg If setting is enabled, insert query into distributed waits until data are sent to all nodes in a cluster. Enables or disables synchronous data insertion into a `Distributed` table. By default, when inserting data into a Distributed table, the ClickHouse server sends data to cluster nodes in the background. When `distributed_foreground_insert` = 1, the data is processed synchronously, and the `INSERT` operation succeeds only after all the data is saved on all shards (at least one replica for each shard if `internal_replication` is true). --insert_distributed_sync arg If setting is enabled, insert query into distributed waits until data are sent to all nodes in a cluster. Enables or disables synchronous data insertion into a `Distributed` table. By default, when inserting data into a Distributed table, the ClickHouse server sends data to cluster nodes in the background. When `distributed_foreground_insert` = 1, the data is processed synchronously, and the `INSERT` operation succeeds only after all the data is saved on all shards (at least one replica for each shard if `internal_replication` is true). --distributed_background_insert_timeout arg Timeout for insert query into distributed. Setting is used only with insert_distributed_sync enabled. Zero value means no timeout. --insert_distributed_timeout arg Timeout for insert query into distributed. Setting is used only with insert_distributed_sync enabled. Zero value means no timeout. --distributed_background_insert_sleep_time_ms arg Sleep time for background INSERTs into Distributed, in case of any errors delay grows exponentially. --distributed_directory_monitor_sleep_time_ms arg Sleep time for background INSERTs into Distributed, in case of any errors delay grows exponentially. --distributed_background_insert_max_sleep_time_ms arg Maximum sleep time for background INSERTs into Distributed, it limits exponential growth too. --distributed_directory_monitor_max_sleep_time_ms arg Maximum sleep time for background INSERTs into Distributed, it limits exponential growth too. --distributed_background_insert_batch arg Should background INSERTs into Distributed be batched into bigger blocks. --distributed_directory_monitor_batch_inserts arg Should background INSERTs into Distributed be batched into bigger blocks. --distributed_background_insert_split_batch_on_failure arg Should batches of the background INSERT into Distributed be split into smaller batches in case of failures. --distributed_directory_monitor_split_batch_on_failure arg Should batches of the background INSERT into Distributed be split into smaller batches in case of failures. --optimize_move_to_prewhere arg Allows disabling WHERE to PREWHERE optimization in SELECT queries from MergeTree. --optimize_move_to_prewhere_if_final arg If query has `FINAL`, the optimization `move_to_prewhere` is not always correct and it is enabled only if both settings `optimize_move_to_prewhere` and `optimize_move_to_prewhere_if_final ` are turned on --move_all_conditions_to_prewhere arg Move all viable conditions from WHERE to PREWHERE --enable_multiple_prewhere_read_steps arg Move more conditions from WHERE to PREWHERE and do reads from disk and filtering in multiple steps if there are multiple conditions combined with AND --move_primary_key_columns_to_end_of_prewhere arg Move PREWHERE conditions containing primary key columns to the end of AND chain. It is likely that these conditions are taken into account during primary key analysis and thus will not contribute a lot to PREWHERE filtering. --allow_statistic_optimize arg Allows using statistic to optimize queries --allow_experimental_statistic arg Allows using statistic --alter_sync arg Wait for actions to manipulate the partitions. 0 - do not wait, 1 - wait for execution only of itself, 2 - wait for everyone. --replication_alter_partitions_sync arg Wait for actions to manipulate the partitions. 0 - do not wait, 1 - wait for execution only of itself, 2 - wait for everyone. --replication_wait_for_inactive_replica_timeout arg Wait for inactive replica to execute ALTER/OPTIMIZE. Time in seconds, 0 - do not wait, negative - wait for unlimited time. --alter_move_to_space_execute_async arg Execute ALTER TABLE MOVE ... TO [DISK|VOLUME] asynchronously --load_balancing arg Which replicas (among healthy replicas) to preferably send a query to (on the first attempt) for distributed processing. --load_balancing_first_offset arg Which replica to preferably send a query when FIRST_OR_RANDOM load balancing strategy is used. --totals_mode arg How to calculate TOTALS when HAVING is present, as well as when max_rows_to_group_by and group_by_overflow_mode = ‘any’ are present. --totals_auto_threshold arg The threshold for totals_mode = 'auto'. --allow_suspicious_low_cardinality_types arg In CREATE TABLE statement allows specifying LowCardinality modifier for types of small fixed size (8 or less). Enabling this may increase merge times and memory consumption. --allow_suspicious_fixed_string_types arg In CREATE TABLE statement allows creating columns of type FixedString(n) with n > 256. FixedString with length >= 256 is suspicious and most likely indicates misuse --allow_suspicious_indices arg Reject primary/secondary indexes and sorting keys with identical expressions --allow_suspicious_ttl_expressions arg Reject TTL expressions that don't depend on any of table's columns. It indicates a user error most of the time. --allow_suspicious_variant_types arg In CREATE TABLE statement allows specifying Variant type with similar variant types (for example, with different numeric or date types). Enabling this setting may introduce some ambiguity when working with values with similar types. --allow_suspicious_primary_key arg Forbid suspicious PRIMARY KEY/ORDER BY for MergeTree (i.e. SimpleAggregateFunc tion) --compile_expressions arg Compile some scalar functions and operators to native code. --min_count_to_compile_expression arg The number of identical expressions before they are JIT-compiled --compile_aggregate_expressions arg Compile aggregate functions to native code. --min_count_to_compile_aggregate_expression arg The number of identical aggregate expressions before they are JIT-compiled --compile_sort_description arg Compile sort description to native code. --min_count_to_compile_sort_description arg The number of identical sort descriptions before they are JIT-compiled --group_by_two_level_threshold arg From what number of keys, a two-level aggregation starts. 0 - the threshold is not set. --group_by_two_level_threshold_bytes arg From what size of the aggregation state in bytes, a two-level aggregation begins to be used. 0 - the threshold is not set. Two-level aggregation is used when at least one of the thresholds is triggered. --distributed_aggregation_memory_efficient arg Is the memory-saving mode of distributed aggregation enabled. --aggregation_memory_efficient_merge_threads arg Number of threads to use for merge intermediate aggregation results in memory efficient mode. When bigger, then more memory is consumed. 0 means - same as 'max_threads'. --enable_memory_bound_merging_of_aggregation_results arg Enable memory bound merging strategy for aggregation. --enable_positional_arguments arg Enable positional arguments in ORDER BY, GROUP BY and LIMIT BY --enable_extended_results_for_datetime_functions arg Enable date functions like toLastDayOfMonth return Date32 results (instead of Date results) for Date32/DateTime64 arguments. --allow_nonconst_timezone_arguments arg Allow non-const timezone arguments in certain time-related functions like toTimeZone(), fromUnixTimestamp*(), snowflakeToDateTime*() --function_locate_has_mysql_compatible_argument_order arg Function locate() has arguments (needle, haystack[, start_pos]) like in MySQL instead of (haystack, needle[, start_pos]) like function position() --group_by_use_nulls arg Treat columns mentioned in ROLLUP, CUBE or GROUPING SETS as Nullable --max_parallel_replicas arg The maximum number of replicas of each shard used when the query is executed. For consistency (to get different parts of the same partition), this option only works for the specified sampling key. The lag of the replicas is not controlled. Should be always greater than 0 --parallel_replicas_count arg This is internal setting that should not be used directly and represents an implementation detail of the 'parallel replicas' mode. This setting will be automatically set up by the initiator server for distributed queries to the number of parallel replicas participating in query processing. --parallel_replica_offset arg This is internal setting that should not be used directly and represents an implementation detail of the 'parallel replicas' mode. This setting will be automatically set up by the initiator server for distributed queries to the index of the replica participating in query processing among parallel replicas. --parallel_replicas_custom_key arg Custom key assigning work to replicas when parallel replicas are used. --parallel_replicas_custom_key_filter_type arg Type of filter to use with custom key for parallel replicas. default - use modulo operation on the custom key, range - use range filter on custom key using all possible values for the value type of custom key. --cluster_for_parallel_replicas arg Cluster for a shard in which current server is located --allow_experimental_parallel_reading_from_replicas arg Use all the replicas from a shard for SELECT query execution. Reading is parallelized and coordinated dynamically. 0 - disabled, 1 - enabled, silently disable them in case of failure, 2 - enabled, throw an exception in case of failure --parallel_replicas_allow_in_with_subquery arg If true, subquery for IN will be executed on every follower replica. --parallel_replicas_single_task_marks_count_multiplier arg A multiplier which will be added during calculation for minimal number of marks to retrieve from coordinator. This will be applied only for remote replicas. --parallel_replicas_for_non_replicated_merge_tree arg If true, ClickHouse will use parallel replicas algorithm also for non-replicated MergeTree tables --parallel_replicas_min_number_of_rows_per_replica arg Limit the number of replicas used in a query to (estimated rows to read / min_number_of_rows_per_replica). The max is still limited by 'max_parallel_replicas' --parallel_replicas_prefer_local_join arg If true, and JOIN can be executed with parallel replicas algorithm, and all storages of right JOIN part are *MergeTree, local JOIN will be used instead of GLOBAL JOIN. --parallel_replicas_mark_segment_size arg Parts virtually divided into segments to be distributed between replicas for parallel reading. This setting controls the size of these segments. Not recommended to change until you're absolutely sure in what you're doing --skip_unavailable_shards arg If true, ClickHouse silently skips unavailable shards. Shard is marked as unavailable when: 1) The shard cannot be reached due to a connection failure. 2) Shard is unresolvable through DNS. 3) Table does not exist on the shard. --parallel_distributed_insert_select arg Process distributed INSERT SELECT query in the same cluster on local tables on every shard; if set to 1 - SELECT is executed on each shard; if set to 2 - SELECT and INSERT are executed on each shard --distributed_group_by_no_merge arg If 1, Do not merge aggregation states from different servers for distributed queries (shards will process query up to the Complete stage, initiator just proxies the data from the shards). If 2 the initiator will apply ORDER BY and LIMIT stages (it is not in case when shard process query up to the Complete stage) --distributed_push_down_limit arg If 1, LIMIT will be applied on each shard separately. Usually you don't need to use it, since this will be done automatically if it is possible, i.e. for simple query SELECT FROM LIMIT. --optimize_distributed_group_by_sharding_key arg Optimize GROUP BY sharding_key queries (by avoiding costly aggregation on the initiator server). --optimize_skip_unused_shards_limit arg Limit for number of sharding key values, turns off optimize_skip_unused_ shards if the limit is reached --optimize_skip_unused_shards arg Assumes that data is distributed by sharding_key. Optimization to skip unused shards if SELECT query filters by sharding_key. --optimize_skip_unused_shards_rewrite_in arg Rewrite IN in query for remote shards to exclude values that does not belong to the shard (requires optimize_skip_unused_shards) --allow_nondeterministic_optimize_skip_unused_shards arg Allow non-deterministic functions (includes dictGet) in sharding_key for optimize_skip_unused_shards --force_optimize_skip_unused_shards arg Throw an exception if unused shards cannot be skipped (1 - throw only if the table has the sharding key, 2 - always throw. --optimize_skip_unused_shards_nesting arg Same as optimize_skip_unused_shards, but accept nesting level until which it will work. --force_optimize_skip_unused_shards_nesting arg Same as force_optimize_skip_unused_shar ds, but accept nesting level until which it will work. --input_format_parallel_parsing arg Enable parallel parsing for some data formats. --min_chunk_bytes_for_parallel_parsing arg The minimum chunk size in bytes, which each thread will parse in parallel. --output_format_parallel_formatting arg Enable parallel formatting for some data formats. --output_format_compression_level arg Default compression level if query output is compressed. The setting is applied when `SELECT` query has `INTO OUTFILE` or when inserting to table function `file`, `url`, `hdfs`, `s3`, and `azureBlobStorage`. --output_format_compression_zstd_window_log arg Can be used when the output compression method is `zstd`. If greater than `0`, this setting explicitly sets compression window size (power of `2`) and enables a long-range mode for zstd compression. --merge_tree_min_rows_for_concurrent_read arg If at least as many lines are read from one file, the reading can be parallelized. --merge_tree_min_bytes_for_concurrent_read arg If at least as many bytes are read from one file, the reading can be parallelized. --merge_tree_min_rows_for_seek arg You can skip reading more than that number of rows at the price of one seek per file. --merge_tree_min_bytes_for_seek arg You can skip reading more than that number of bytes at the price of one seek per file. --merge_tree_coarse_index_granularity arg If the index segment can contain the required keys, divide it into as many parts and recursively check them. --merge_tree_max_rows_to_use_cache arg The maximum number of rows per request, to use the cache of uncompressed data. If the request is large, the cache is not used. (For large queries not to flush out the cache.) --merge_tree_max_bytes_to_use_cache arg The maximum number of bytes per request, to use the cache of uncompressed data. If the request is large, the cache is not used. (For large queries not to flush out the cache.) --do_not_merge_across_partitions_select_final arg Merge parts only in one partition in select final --split_parts_ranges_into_intersecting_and_non_intersecting_final arg Split parts ranges into intersecting and non intersecting during FINAL optimization --split_intersecting_parts_ranges_into_layers_final arg Split intersecting parts ranges into layers during FINAL optimization --allow_experimental_inverted_index arg If it is set to true, allow to use experimental inverted index. --mysql_max_rows_to_insert arg The maximum number of rows in MySQL batch insertion of the MySQL storage engine --mysql_map_string_to_text_in_show_columns arg If enabled, String type will be mapped to TEXT in SHOW [FULL] COLUMNS, BLOB otherwise. Has an effect only when the connection is made through the MySQL wire protocol. --mysql_map_fixed_string_to_text_in_show_columns arg If enabled, FixedString type will be mapped to TEXT in SHOW [FULL] COLUMNS, BLOB otherwise. Has an effect only when the connection is made through the MySQL wire protocol. --optimize_min_equality_disjunction_chain_length arg The minimum length of the expression `expr = x1 OR ... expr = xN` for optimization --optimize_min_inequality_conjunction_chain_length arg The minimum length of the expression `expr <> x1 AND ... expr <> xN` for optimization --min_bytes_to_use_direct_io arg The minimum number of bytes for reading the data with O_DIRECT option during SELECT queries execution. 0 - disabled. --min_bytes_to_use_mmap_io arg The minimum number of bytes for reading the data with mmap option during SELECT queries execution. 0 - disabled. --checksum_on_read arg Validate checksums on reading. It is enabled by default and should be always enabled in production. Please do not expect any benefits in disabling this setting. It may only be used for experiments and benchmarks. The setting only applicable for tables of MergeTree family. Checksums are always validated for other table engines and when receiving data over network. --force_index_by_date arg Throw an exception if there is a partition key in a table, and it is not used. --force_primary_key arg Throw an exception if there is primary key in a table, and it is not used. --use_skip_indexes arg Use data skipping indexes during query execution. --use_skip_indexes_if_final arg If query has FINAL, then skipping data based on indexes may produce incorrect result, hence disabled by default. --ignore_data_skipping_indices arg Comma separated list of strings or literals with the name of the data skipping indices that should be excluded during query execution. --force_data_skipping_indices arg Comma separated list of strings or literals with the name of the data skipping indices that should be used during query execution, otherwise an exception will be thrown. --max_streams_to_max_threads_ratio arg Allows you to use more sources than the number of threads - to more evenly distribute work across threads. It is assumed that this is a temporary solution, since it will be possible in the future to make the number of sources equal to the number of threads, but for each source to dynamically select available work for itself. --max_streams_multiplier_for_merge_tables arg Ask more streams when reading from Merge table. Streams will be spread across tables that Merge table will use. This allows more even distribution of work across threads and especially helpful when merged tables differ in size. --network_compression_method arg Allows you to select the method of data compression when writing. --network_zstd_compression_level arg Allows you to select the level of ZSTD compression. --zstd_window_log_max arg Allows you to select the max window log of ZSTD (it will not be used for MergeTree family) --priority arg Priority of the query. 1 - the highest, higher value - lower priority; 0 - do not use priorities. --os_thread_priority arg If non zero - set corresponding 'nice' value for query processing threads. Can be used to adjust query priority for OS scheduler. --log_queries arg Log requests and write the log to the system table. --log_formatted_queries arg Log formatted queries and write the log to the system table. --log_queries_min_type arg Minimal type in query_log to log, possible values (from low to high): QUERY_START, QUERY_FINISH, EXCEPTION_BEFORE_START, EXCEPTION_WHILE_PROCESSING. --log_queries_min_query_duration_ms arg Minimal time for the query to run, to get to the query_log/query_thread_log/q uery_views_log. --log_queries_cut_to_length arg If query length is greater than specified threshold (in bytes), then cut query when writing to query log. Also limit length of printed query in ordinary text log. --log_queries_probability arg Log queries with the specified probability. --log_processors_profiles arg Log Processors profile events. --distributed_product_mode arg How are distributed subqueries performed inside IN or JOIN sections? --max_concurrent_queries_for_all_users arg The maximum number of concurrent requests for all users. --max_concurrent_queries_for_user arg The maximum number of concurrent requests per user. --insert_deduplicate arg For INSERT queries in the replicated table, specifies that deduplication of inserting blocks should be performed --async_insert_deduplicate arg For async INSERT queries in the replicated table, specifies that deduplication of inserting blocks should be performed --insert_quorum arg For INSERT queries in the replicated table, wait writing for the specified number of replicas and linearize the addition of the data. 0 - disabled, 'auto' - use majority --insert_quorum_timeout arg If the quorum of replicas did not meet in specified time (in milliseconds), exception will be thrown and insertion is aborted. --insert_quorum_parallel arg For quorum INSERT queries - enable to make parallel inserts without linearizability --select_sequential_consistency arg For SELECT queries from the replicated table, throw an exception if the replica does not have a chunk written with the quorum; do not read the parts that have not yet been written with the quorum. --table_function_remote_max_addresses arg The maximum number of different shards and the maximum number of replicas of one shard in the `remote` function. --read_backoff_min_latency_ms arg Setting to reduce the number of threads in case of slow reads. Pay attention only to reads that took at least that much time. --read_backoff_max_throughput arg Settings to reduce the number of threads in case of slow reads. Count events when the read bandwidth is less than that many bytes per second. --read_backoff_min_interval_between_events_ms arg Settings to reduce the number of threads in case of slow reads. Do not pay attention to the event, if the previous one has passed less than a certain amount of time. --read_backoff_min_events arg Settings to reduce the number of threads in case of slow reads. The number of events after which the number of threads will be reduced. --read_backoff_min_concurrency arg Settings to try keeping the minimal number of threads in case of slow reads. --memory_tracker_fault_probability arg For testing of `exception safety` - throw an exception every time you allocate memory with the specified probability. --merge_tree_read_split_ranges_into_intersecting_and_non_intersecting_injection_probability arg For testing of `PartsSplitter` - split read ranges into intersecting and non intersecting every time you read from MergeTree with the specified probability. --enable_http_compression arg Compress the result if the client over HTTP said that it understands data compressed by gzip, deflate, zstd, br, lz4, bz2, xz. --http_zlib_compression_level arg Compression level - used if the client on HTTP said that it understands data compressed by gzip or deflate. --http_native_compression_disable_checksumming_on_decompress arg If you uncompress the POST data from the client compressed by the native format, do not check the checksum. --count_distinct_implementation arg What aggregate function to use for implementation of count(DISTINCT ...) --add_http_cors_header arg Write add http CORS header. --max_http_get_redirects arg Max number of http GET redirects hops allowed. Ensures additional security measures are in place to prevent a malicious server to redirect your requests to unexpected services. It is the case when an external server redirects to another address, but that address appears to be internal to the company's infrastructure, and by sending an HTTP request to an internal server, you could request an internal API from the internal network, bypassing the auth, or even query other services, such as Redis or Memcached. When you don't have an internal infrastructure (including something running on your localhost), or you trust the server, it is safe to allow redirects. Although keep in mind, that if the URL uses HTTP instead of HTTPS, and you will have to trust not only the remote server but also your ISP and every network in the middle. --use_client_time_zone arg Use client timezone for interpreting DateTime string values, instead of adopting server timezone. --send_progress_in_http_headers arg Send progress notifications using X-ClickHouse-Progress headers. Some clients do not support high amount of HTTP headers (Python requests in particular), so it is disabled by default. --http_headers_progress_interval_ms arg Do not send HTTP headers X-ClickHouse-Progress more frequently than at each specified interval. --http_wait_end_of_query arg Enable HTTP response buffering on the server-side. --http_write_exception_in_output_format arg Write exception in output format to produce valid output. Works with JSON and XML formats. --http_response_buffer_size arg The number of bytes to buffer in the server memory before sending a HTTP response to the client or flushing to disk (when http_wait_end_of_query is enabled). --fsync_metadata arg Do fsync after changing metadata for tables and databases (.sql files). Could be disabled in case of poor latency on server with high load of DDL queries and high load of disk subsystem. --join_use_nulls arg Use NULLs for non-joined rows of outer JOINs for types that can be inside Nullable. If false, use default value of corresponding columns data type. --join_default_strictness arg Set default strictness in JOIN query. Possible values: empty string, 'ANY', 'ALL'. If empty, query without strictness will throw exception. --any_join_distinct_right_table_keys arg Enable old ANY JOIN logic with many-to-one left-to-right table keys mapping for all ANY JOINs. It leads to confusing not equal results for 't1 ANY LEFT JOIN t2' and 't2 ANY RIGHT JOIN t1'. ANY RIGHT JOIN needs one-to-many keys mapping to be consistent with LEFT one. --single_join_prefer_left_table arg For single JOIN in case of identifier ambiguity prefer left table --preferred_block_size_bytes arg This setting adjusts the data block size for query processing and represents additional fine tune to the more rough 'max_block_size' setting. If the columns are large and with 'max_block_size' rows the block size is likely to be larger than the specified amount of bytes, its size will be lowered for better CPU cache locality. --max_replica_delay_for_distributed_queries arg If set, distributed queries of Replicated tables will choose servers with replication delay in seconds less than the specified value (not inclusive). Zero means do not take delay into account. --fallback_to_stale_replicas_for_distributed_queries arg Suppose max_replica_delay_for_distribut ed_queries is set and all replicas for the queried table are stale. If this setting is enabled, the query will be performed anyway, otherwise the error will be reported. --preferred_max_column_in_block_size_bytes arg Limit on max column size in block while reading. Helps to decrease cache misses count. Should be close to L2 cache size. --parts_to_delay_insert arg If the destination table contains at least that many active parts in a single partition, artificially slow down insert into table. --parts_to_throw_insert arg If more than this number active parts in a single partition of the destination table, throw 'Too many parts ...' exception. --number_of_mutations_to_delay arg If the mutated table contains at least that many unfinished mutations, artificially slow down mutations of table. 0 - disabled --number_of_mutations_to_throw arg If the mutated table contains at least that many unfinished mutations, throw 'Too many mutations ...' exception. 0 - disabled --distributed_ddl_task_timeout arg Timeout for DDL query responses from all hosts in cluster. If a ddl request has not been performed on all hosts, a response will contain a timeout error and a request will be executed in an async mode. Negative value means infinite. Zero means async mode. --stream_flush_interval_ms arg Timeout for flushing data from streaming storages. --stream_poll_timeout_ms arg Timeout for polling data from/to streaming storages. --final arg Query with the FINAL modifier by default. If the engine does not support final, it does not have any effect. On queries with multiple tables final is applied only on those that support it. It also works on distributed tables --partial_result_on_first_cancel arg Allows query to return a partial result after cancel. --ignore_on_cluster_for_replicated_udf_queries arg Ignore ON CLUSTER clause for replicated UDF management queries. --ignore_on_cluster_for_replicated_access_entities_queries arg Ignore ON CLUSTER clause for replicated access entities management queries. --sleep_in_send_tables_status_ms arg Time to sleep in sending tables status response in TCPHandler --sleep_in_send_data_ms arg Time to sleep in sending data in TCPHandler --sleep_after_receiving_query_ms arg Time to sleep after receiving query in TCPHandler --unknown_packet_in_send_data arg Send unknown packet instead of data Nth data packet --insert_allow_materialized_columns arg If setting is enabled, Allow materialized columns in INSERT. --http_connection_timeout arg HTTP connection timeout. --http_send_timeout arg HTTP send timeout --http_receive_timeout arg HTTP receive timeout --http_max_uri_size arg Maximum URI length of HTTP request --http_max_fields arg Maximum number of fields in HTTP header --http_max_field_name_size arg Maximum length of field name in HTTP header --http_max_field_value_size arg Maximum length of field value in HTTP header --http_max_chunk_size arg Maximum value of a chunk size in HTTP chunked transfer encoding --http_skip_not_found_url_for_globs arg Skip url's for globs with HTTP_NOT_FOUND error --http_make_head_request arg Allows the execution of a `HEAD` request while reading data from HTTP to retrieve information about the file to be read, such as its size --optimize_throw_if_noop arg If setting is enabled and OPTIMIZE query didn't actually assign a merge then an explanatory exception is thrown --use_index_for_in_with_subqueries arg Try using an index if there is a subquery or a table expression on the right side of the IN operator. --use_index_for_in_with_subqueries_max_values arg The maximum size of set in the right hand side of the IN operator to use table index for filtering. It allows to avoid performance degradation and higher memory usage due to preparation of additional data structures for large queries. Zero means no limit. --analyze_index_with_space_filling_curves arg If a table has a space-filling curve in its index, e.g. `ORDER BY mortonEncode(x, y)`, and the query has conditions on its arguments, e.g. `x >= 10 AND x <= 20 AND y >= 20 AND y <= 30`, use the space-filling curve for index analysis. --joined_subquery_requires_alias arg Force joined subqueries and table functions to have aliases for correct name qualification. --empty_result_for_aggregation_by_empty_set arg Return empty result when aggregating without keys on empty set. --empty_result_for_aggregation_by_constant_keys_on_empty_set arg Return empty result when aggregating by constant keys on empty set. --allow_distributed_ddl arg If it is set to true, then a user is allowed to executed distributed DDL queries. --allow_suspicious_codecs arg If it is set to true, allow to specify meaningless compression codecs. --allow_experimental_codecs arg If it is set to true, allow to specify experimental compression codecs (but we don't have those yet and this option does nothing). --enable_deflate_qpl_codec arg Enable/disable the DEFLATE_QPL codec. --enable_zstd_qat_codec arg Enable/disable the ZSTD_QAT codec. --query_profiler_real_time_period_ns arg Period for real clock timer of query profiler (in nanoseconds). Set 0 value to turn off the real clock query profiler. Recommended value is at least 10000000 (100 times a second) for single queries or 1000000000 (once a second) for cluster-wide profiling. --query_profiler_cpu_time_period_ns arg Period for CPU clock timer of query profiler (in nanoseconds). Set 0 value to turn off the CPU clock query profiler. Recommended value is at least 10000000 (100 times a second) for single queries or 1000000000 (once a second) for cluster-wide profiling. --metrics_perf_events_enabled arg If enabled, some of the perf events will be measured throughout queries' execution. --metrics_perf_events_list arg Comma separated list of perf metrics that will be measured throughout queries' execution. Empty means all events. See PerfEventInfo in sources for the available events. --opentelemetry_start_trace_probability arg Probability to start an OpenTelemetry trace for an incoming query. --opentelemetry_trace_processors arg Collect OpenTelemetry spans for processors. --prefer_column_name_to_alias arg Prefer using column names instead of aliases if possible. --allow_experimental_analyzer arg Allow experimental analyzer. --analyzer_compatibility_join_using_top_level_identifier arg Force to resolve identifier in JOIN USING from projection (for example, in `SELECT a + 1 AS b FROM t1 JOIN t2 USING (b)` join will be performed by `t1.a + 1 = t2.b`, rather then `t1.b = t2.b`). --prefer_global_in_and_join arg If enabled, all IN/JOIN operators will be rewritten as GLOBAL IN/JOIN. It's useful when the to-be-joined tables are only available on the initiator and we need to always scatter their data on-the-fly during distributed processing with the GLOBAL keyword. It's also useful to reduce the need to access the external sources joining external tables. --enable_vertical_final arg Not recommended. If enable, remove duplicated rows during FINAL by marking rows as deleted and filtering them later instead of merging rows --max_rows_to_read arg Limit on read rows from the most 'deep' sources. That is, only in the deepest subquery. When reading from a remote server, it is only checked on a remote server. --max_bytes_to_read arg Limit on read bytes (after decompression) from the most 'deep' sources. That is, only in the deepest subquery. When reading from a remote server, it is only checked on a remote server. --read_overflow_mode arg What to do when the limit is exceeded. --max_rows_to_read_leaf arg Limit on read rows on the leaf nodes for distributed queries. Limit is applied for local reads only, excluding the final merge stage on the root node. Note, the setting is unstable with prefer_localhost_replica=1. --max_bytes_to_read_leaf arg Limit on read bytes (after decompression) on the leaf nodes for distributed queries. Limit is applied for local reads only, excluding the final merge stage on the root node. Note, the setting is unstable with prefer_localhost_replica=1. --read_overflow_mode_leaf arg What to do when the leaf limit is exceeded. --max_rows_to_group_by arg If aggregation during GROUP BY is generating more than the specified number of rows (unique GROUP BY keys), the behavior will be determined by the 'group_by_overflow_mode' which by default is - throw an exception, but can be also switched to an approximate GROUP BY mode. --group_by_overflow_mode arg What to do when the limit is exceeded. --max_bytes_before_external_group_by arg If memory usage during GROUP BY operation is exceeding this threshold in bytes, activate the 'external aggregation' mode (spill data to disk). Recommended value is half of available system memory. --max_rows_to_sort arg If more than the specified amount of records have to be processed for ORDER BY operation, the behavior will be determined by the 'sort_overflow_mode' which by default is - throw an exception --max_bytes_to_sort arg If more than the specified amount of (uncompressed) bytes have to be processed for ORDER BY operation, the behavior will be determined by the 'sort_overflow_mode' which by default is - throw an exception --sort_overflow_mode arg What to do when the limit is exceeded. --max_bytes_before_external_sort arg If memory usage during ORDER BY operation is exceeding this threshold in bytes, activate the 'external sorting' mode (spill data to disk). Recommended value is half of available system memory. --max_bytes_before_remerge_sort arg In case of ORDER BY with LIMIT, when memory usage is higher than specified threshold, perform additional steps of merging blocks before final merge to keep just top LIMIT rows. --remerge_sort_lowered_memory_bytes_ratio arg If memory usage after remerge does not reduced by this ratio, remerge will be disabled. --max_result_rows arg Limit on result size in rows. The query will stop after processing a block of data if the threshold is met, but it will not cut the last block of the result, therefore the result size can be larger than the threshold. --max_result_bytes arg Limit on result size in bytes (uncompressed). The query will stop after processing a block of data if the threshold is met, but it will not cut the last block of the result, therefore the result size can be larger than the threshold. Caveats: the result size in memory is taken into account for this threshold. Even if the result size is small, it can reference larger data structures in memory, representing dictionaries of LowCardinality columns, and Arenas of AggregateFunction columns, so the threshold can be exceeded despite the small result size. The setting is fairly low level and should be used with caution. --result_overflow_mode arg What to do when the limit is exceeded. --max_execution_time arg If query runtime exceeds the specified number of seconds, the behavior will be determined by the 'timeout_overflow_mod e', which by default is - throw an exception. Note that the timeout is checked and query can stop only in designated places during data processing. It currently cannot stop during merging of aggregation states or during query analysis, and the actual run time will be higher than the value of this setting. --timeout_overflow_mode arg What to do when the limit is exceeded. --max_execution_time_leaf arg Similar semantic to max_execution_time but only apply on leaf node for distributed queries, the time out behavior will be determined by 'timeout_overflow_mode_leaf' which by default is - throw an exception --timeout_overflow_mode_leaf arg What to do when the leaf limit is exceeded. --min_execution_speed arg Minimum number of execution rows per second. --max_execution_speed arg Maximum number of execution rows per second. --min_execution_speed_bytes arg Minimum number of execution bytes per second. --max_execution_speed_bytes arg Maximum number of execution bytes per second. --timeout_before_checking_execution_speed arg Check that the speed is not too low after the specified time has elapsed. --max_estimated_execution_time arg Maximum query estimate execution time in seconds. --max_columns_to_read arg If a query requires reading more than specified number of columns, exception is thrown. Zero value means unlimited. This setting is useful to prevent too complex queries. --max_temporary_columns arg If a query generates more than the specified number of temporary columns in memory as a result of intermediate calculation, exception is thrown. Zero value means unlimited. This setting is useful to prevent too complex queries. --max_temporary_non_const_columns arg Similar to the 'max_temporary_columns' setting but applies only to non-constant columns. This makes sense, because constant columns are cheap and it is reasonable to allow more of them. --max_sessions_for_user arg Maximum number of simultaneous sessions for a user. --max_subquery_depth arg If a query has more than the specified number of nested subqueries, throw an exception. This allows you to have a sanity check to protect the users of your cluster from going insane with their queries. --max_analyze_depth arg Maximum number of analyses performed by interpreter. --max_ast_depth arg Maximum depth of query syntax tree. Checked after parsing. --max_ast_elements arg Maximum size of query syntax tree in number of nodes. Checked after parsing. --max_expanded_ast_elements arg Maximum size of query syntax tree in number of nodes after expansion of aliases and the asterisk. --readonly arg 0 - no read-only restrictions. 1 - only read requests, as well as changing explicitly allowed settings. 2 - only read requests, as well as changing settings, except for the 'readonly' setting. --max_rows_in_set arg Maximum size of the set (in number of elements) resulting from the execution of the IN section. --max_bytes_in_set arg Maximum size of the set (in bytes in memory) resulting from the execution of the IN section. --set_overflow_mode arg What to do when the limit is exceeded. --max_rows_in_join arg Maximum size of the hash table for JOIN (in number of rows). --max_bytes_in_join arg Maximum size of the hash table for JOIN (in number of bytes in memory). --join_overflow_mode arg What to do when the limit is exceeded. --join_any_take_last_row arg When disabled (default) ANY JOIN will take the first found row for a key. When enabled, it will take the last row seen if there are multiple rows for the same key. --join_algorithm arg Specify join algorithm. --default_max_bytes_in_join arg Maximum size of right-side table if limit is required but max_bytes_in_join is not set. --partial_merge_join_left_table_buffer_bytes arg If not 0 group left table blocks in bigger ones for left-side table in partial merge join. It uses up to 2x of specified memory per joining thread. --partial_merge_join_rows_in_right_blocks arg Split right-hand joining data in blocks of specified size. It's a portion of data indexed by min-max values and possibly unloaded on disk. --join_on_disk_max_files_to_merge arg For MergeJoin on disk set how much files it's allowed to sort simultaneously. Then this value bigger then more memory used and then less disk I/O needed. Minimum is 2. --max_rows_in_set_to_optimize_join arg Maximal size of the set to filter joined tables by each other row sets before joining. 0 - disable. --compatibility_ignore_collation_in_create_table arg Compatibility ignore collation in create table --temporary_files_codec arg Set compression codec for temporary files produced by (JOINs, external GROUP BY, external ORDER BY). I.e. LZ4, NONE. --max_rows_to_transfer arg Maximum size (in rows) of the transmitted external table obtained when the GLOBAL IN/JOIN section is executed. --max_bytes_to_transfer arg Maximum size (in uncompressed bytes) of the transmitted external table obtained when the GLOBAL IN/JOIN section is executed. --transfer_overflow_mode arg What to do when the limit is exceeded. --max_rows_in_distinct arg Maximum number of elements during execution of DISTINCT. --max_bytes_in_distinct arg Maximum total size of state (in uncompressed bytes) in memory for the execution of DISTINCT. --distinct_overflow_mode arg What to do when the limit is exceeded. --max_memory_usage arg Maximum memory usage for processing of single query. Zero means unlimited. --memory_overcommit_ratio_denominator arg It represents soft memory limit on the user level. This value is used to compute query overcommit ratio. --max_memory_usage_for_user arg Maximum memory usage for processing all concurrently running queries for the user. Zero means unlimited. --memory_overcommit_ratio_denominator_for_user arg It represents soft memory limit on the global level. This value is used to compute query overcommit ratio. --max_untracked_memory arg Small allocations and deallocations are grouped in thread local variable and tracked or profiled only when amount (in absolute value) becomes larger than specified value. If the value is higher than 'memory_profiler_step' it will be effectively lowered to 'memory_profiler_step'. --memory_profiler_step arg Whenever query memory usage becomes larger than every next step in number of bytes the memory profiler will collect the allocating stack trace. Zero means disabled memory profiler. Values lower than a few megabytes will slow down query processing. --memory_profiler_sample_probability arg Collect random allocations and deallocations and write them into system.trace_log with 'MemorySample' trace_type. The probability is for every alloc/free regardless to the size of the allocation (can be changed with `memory_profiler_sample_min_allocation_ size` and `memory_profiler_sample_max_a llocation_size`). Note that sampling happens only when the amount of untracked memory exceeds 'max_untracked_memory'. You may want to set 'max_untracked_memory' to 0 for extra fine grained sampling. --memory_profiler_sample_min_allocation_size arg Collect random allocations of size greater or equal than specified value with probability equal to `memory_profiler_sample_probability`. 0 means disabled. You may want to set 'max_untracked_memory' to 0 to make this threshold to work as expected. --memory_profiler_sample_max_allocation_size arg Collect random allocations of size less or equal than specified value with probability equal to `memory_profiler_sample_probability`. 0 means disabled. You may want to set 'max_untracked_memory' to 0 to make this threshold to work as expected. --trace_profile_events arg Send to system.trace_log profile event and value of increment on each increment with 'ProfileEvent' trace_type --memory_usage_overcommit_max_wait_microseconds arg Maximum time thread will wait for memory to be freed in the case of memory overcommit. If timeout is reached and memory is not freed, exception is thrown. --max_network_bandwidth arg The maximum speed of data exchange over the network in bytes per second for a query. Zero means unlimited. --max_network_bytes arg The maximum number of bytes (compressed) to receive or transmit over the network for execution of the query. --max_network_bandwidth_for_user arg The maximum speed of data exchange over the network in bytes per second for all concurrently running user queries. Zero means unlimited. --max_network_bandwidth_for_all_users arg The maximum speed of data exchange over the network in bytes per second for all concurrently running queries. Zero means unlimited. --max_temporary_data_on_disk_size_for_user arg The maximum amount of data consumed by temporary files on disk in bytes for all concurrently running user queries. Zero means unlimited. --max_temporary_data_on_disk_size_for_query arg The maximum amount of data consumed by temporary files on disk in bytes for all concurrently running queries. Zero means unlimited. --backup_restore_keeper_max_retries arg Max retries for keeper operations during backup or restore --backup_restore_keeper_retry_initial_backoff_ms arg Initial backoff timeout for [Zoo]Keeper operations during backup or restore --backup_restore_keeper_retry_max_backoff_ms arg Max backoff timeout for [Zoo]Keeper operations during backup or restore --backup_restore_keeper_fault_injection_probability arg Approximate probability of failure for a keeper request during backup or restore. Valid value is in interval [0.0f, 1.0f] --backup_restore_keeper_fault_injection_seed arg 0 - random seed, otherwise the setting value --backup_restore_keeper_value_max_size arg Maximum size of data of a [Zoo]Keeper's node during backup --backup_restore_batch_size_for_keeper_multiread arg Maximum size of batch for multiread request to [Zoo]Keeper during backup or restore --backup_restore_batch_size_for_keeper_multi arg Maximum size of batch for multi request to [Zoo]Keeper during backup or restore --max_backup_bandwidth arg The maximum read speed in bytes per second for particular backup on server. Zero means unlimited. --log_profile_events arg Log query performance statistics into the query_log, query_thread_log and query_views_log. --log_query_settings arg Log query settings into the query_log. --log_query_threads arg Log query threads into system.query_thread_log table. This setting have effect only when 'log_queries' is true. --log_query_views arg Log query dependent views into system.query_views_log table. This setting have effect only when 'log_queries' is true. --log_comment arg Log comment into system.query_log table and server log. It can be set to arbitrary string no longer than max_query_size. --send_logs_level arg Send server text logs with specified minimum level to client. Valid values: 'trace', 'debug', 'information', 'warning', 'error', 'fatal', 'none' --send_logs_source_regexp arg Send server text logs with specified regexp to match log source name. Empty means all sources. --enable_optimize_predicate_expression arg If it is set to true, optimize predicates to subqueries. --enable_optimize_predicate_expression_to_final_subquery arg Allow push predicate to final subquery. --allow_push_predicate_when_subquery_contains_with arg Allows push predicate when subquery contains WITH clause --low_cardinality_max_dictionary_size arg Maximum size (in rows) of shared global dictionary for LowCardinality type. --low_cardinality_use_single_dictionary_for_part arg LowCardinality type serialization setting. If is true, than will use additional keys when global dictionary overflows. Otherwise, will create several shared dictionaries. --decimal_check_overflow arg Check overflow of decimal arithmetic/comparison operations --allow_custom_error_code_in_throwif arg Enable custom error code in function throwIf(). If true, thrown exceptions may have unexpected error codes. --prefer_localhost_replica arg If it's true then queries will be always sent to local replica (if it exists). If it's false then replica to send a query will be chosen between local and remote ones according to load_balancing --max_fetch_partition_retries_count arg Amount of retries while fetching partition from another host. --http_max_multipart_form_data_size arg Limit on size of multipart/form-data content. This setting cannot be parsed from URL parameters and should be set in user profile. Note that content is parsed and external tables are created in memory before start of query execution. And this is the only limit that has effect on that stage (limits on max memory usage and max execution time have no effect while reading HTTP form data). --calculate_text_stack_trace arg Calculate text stack trace in case of exceptions during query execution. This is the default. It requires symbol lookups that may slow down fuzzing tests when huge amount of wrong queries are executed. In normal cases you should not disable this option. --enable_job_stack_trace arg Output stack trace of a job creator when job results in exception --allow_ddl arg If it is set to true, then a user is allowed to executed DDL queries. --parallel_view_processing arg Enables pushing to attached views concurrently instead of sequentially. --enable_unaligned_array_join arg Allow ARRAY JOIN with multiple arrays that have different sizes. When this settings is enabled, arrays will be resized to the longest one. --optimize_read_in_order arg Enable ORDER BY optimization for reading data in corresponding order in MergeTree tables. --optimize_read_in_window_order arg Enable ORDER BY optimization in window clause for reading data in corresponding order in MergeTree tables. --optimize_aggregation_in_order arg Enable GROUP BY optimization for aggregating data in corresponding order in MergeTree tables. --aggregation_in_order_max_block_bytes arg Maximal size of block in bytes accumulated during aggregation in order of primary key. Lower block size allows to parallelize more final merge stage of aggregation. --read_in_order_two_level_merge_threshold arg Minimal number of parts to read to run preliminary merge step during multithread reading in order of primary key. --low_cardinality_allow_in_native_format arg Use LowCardinality type in Native format. Otherwise, convert LowCardinality columns to ordinary for select query, and convert ordinary columns to required LowCardinality for insert query. --cancel_http_readonly_queries_on_client_close arg Cancel HTTP readonly queries when a client closes the connection without waiting for response. --external_table_functions_use_nulls arg If it is set to true, external table functions will implicitly use Nullable type if needed. Otherwise NULLs will be substituted with default values. Currently supported only by 'mysql', 'postgresql' and 'odbc' table functions. --external_table_strict_query arg If it is set to true, transforming expression to local filter is forbidden for queries to external tables. --allow_hyperscan arg Allow functions that use Hyperscan library. Disable to avoid potentially long compilation times and excessive resource usage. --max_hyperscan_regexp_length arg Max length of regexp than can be used in hyperscan multi-match functions. Zero means unlimited. --max_hyperscan_regexp_total_length arg Max total length of all regexps than can be used in hyperscan multi-match functions (per every function). Zero means unlimited. --reject_expensive_hyperscan_regexps arg Reject patterns which will likely be expensive to evaluate with hyperscan (due to NFA state explosion) --allow_simdjson arg Allow using simdjson library in 'JSON*' functions if AVX2 instructions are available. If disabled rapidjson will be used. --allow_introspection_functions arg Allow functions for introspection of ELF and DWARF for query profiling. These functions are slow and may impose security considerations. --splitby_max_substrings_includes_remaining_string arg Functions 'splitBy*()' with 'max_substrings' argument > 0 include the remaining string as last element in the result --allow_execute_multiif_columnar arg Allow execute multiIf function columnar --formatdatetime_f_prints_single_zero arg Formatter '%f' in function 'formatDateTime()' prints a single zero instead of six zeros if the formatted value has no fractional seconds. --formatdatetime_parsedatetime_m_is_month_name arg Formatter '%M' in functions 'formatDateTime()' and 'parseDateTime()' print/parse the month name instead of minutes. --parsedatetime_parse_without_leading_zeros arg Formatters '%c', '%l' and '%k' in function 'parseDateTime()' parse months and hours without leading zeros. --formatdatetime_format_without_leading_zeros arg Formatters '%c', '%l' and '%k' in function 'formatDateTime()' print months and hours without leading zeros. --max_partitions_per_insert_block arg Limit maximum number of partitions in single INSERTed block. Zero means unlimited. Throw exception if the block contains too many partitions. This setting is a safety threshold, because using large number of partitions is a common misconception. --throw_on_max_partitions_per_insert_block arg Used with max_partitions_per_insert_blo ck. If true (default), an exception will be thrown when max_partitions_per_ insert_block is reached. If false, details of the insert query reaching this limit with the number of partitions will be logged. This can be useful if you're trying to understand the impact on users when changing max_partitions_per_insert_block. --max_partitions_to_read arg Limit the max number of partitions that can be accessed in one query. <= 0 means unlimited. --check_query_single_value_result arg Return check query result as single 1/0 value --allow_drop_detached arg Allow ALTER TABLE ... DROP DETACHED PART[ITION] ... queries --max_table_size_to_drop arg If size of a table is greater than this value (in bytes) than table could not be dropped with any DROP query. --max_partition_size_to_drop arg Same as max_table_size_to_drop, but for the partitions. --postgresql_connection_pool_size arg Connection pool size for PostgreSQL table engine and database engine. --postgresql_connection_pool_wait_timeout arg Connection pool push/pop timeout on empty pool for PostgreSQL table engine and database engine. By default it will block on empty pool. --postgresql_connection_pool_auto_close_connection arg Close connection before returning connection to the pool. --glob_expansion_max_elements arg Maximum number of allowed addresses (For external storages, table functions, etc). --odbc_bridge_connection_pool_size arg Connection pool size for each connection settings string in ODBC bridge. --odbc_bridge_use_connection_pooling arg Use connection pooling in ODBC bridge. If set to false, a new connection is created every time --distributed_replica_error_half_life arg Time period reduces replica error counter by 2 times. --distributed_replica_error_cap arg Max number of errors per replica, prevents piling up an incredible amount of errors if replica was offline for some time and allows it to be reconsidered in a shorter amount of time. --distributed_replica_max_ignored_errors arg Number of errors that will be ignored while choosing replicas --allow_experimental_live_view arg Enable LIVE VIEW. Not mature enough. --live_view_heartbeat_interval arg The heartbeat interval in seconds to indicate live query is alive. --max_live_view_insert_blocks_before_refresh arg Limit maximum number of inserted blocks after which mergeable blocks are dropped and query is re-executed. --allow_experimental_window_view arg Enable WINDOW VIEW. Not mature enough. --window_view_clean_interval arg The clean interval of window view in seconds to free outdated data. --window_view_heartbeat_interval arg The heartbeat interval in seconds to indicate watch query is alive. --wait_for_window_view_fire_signal_timeout arg Timeout for waiting for window view fire signal in event time processing --min_free_disk_space_for_temporary_data arg The minimum disk space to keep while writing temporary data used in external sorting and aggregation. --default_temporary_table_engine arg Default table engine used when ENGINE is not set in CREATE TEMPORARY statement. --default_table_engine arg Default table engine used when ENGINE is not set in CREATE statement. --show_table_uuid_in_table_create_query_if_not_nil arg For tables in databases with Engine=Atomic show UUID of the table in its CREATE query. --database_atomic_wait_for_drop_and_detach_synchronously arg When executing DROP or DETACH TABLE in Atomic database, wait for table data to be finally dropped or detached. --enable_scalar_subquery_optimization arg If it is set to true, prevent scalar subqueries from (de)serializing large scalar values and possibly avoid running the same subquery more than once. --optimize_trivial_count_query arg Process trivial 'SELECT count() FROM table' query from metadata. --optimize_trivial_approximate_count_query arg Use an approximate value for trivial count optimization of storages that support such estimations. --optimize_count_from_files arg Optimize counting rows from files in supported input formats --use_cache_for_count_from_files arg Use cache to count the number of rows in files --optimize_respect_aliases arg If it is set to true, it will respect aliases in WHERE/GROUP BY/ORDER BY, that will help with partition pruning/secondary indexes/optimize_aggr egation_in_order/optimize_read_in_order /optimize_trivial_count --mutations_sync arg Wait for synchronous execution of ALTER TABLE UPDATE/DELETE queries (mutations). 0 - execute asynchronously. 1 - wait current server. 2 - wait all replicas if they exist. --enable_lightweight_delete arg Enable lightweight DELETE mutations for mergetree tables. --allow_experimental_lightweight_delete arg Enable lightweight DELETE mutations for mergetree tables. --lightweight_deletes_sync arg The same as 'mutation_sync', but controls only execution of lightweight deletes --apply_deleted_mask arg Enables filtering out rows deleted with lightweight DELETE. If disabled, a query will be able to read those rows. This is useful for debugging and "undelete" scenarios --optimize_normalize_count_variants arg Rewrite aggregate functions that semantically equals to count() as count(). --optimize_injective_functions_inside_uniq arg Delete injective functions of one argument inside uniq*() functions. --rewrite_count_distinct_if_with_count_distinct_implementation arg Rewrite countDistinctIf with count_distinct_implementation configuration --convert_query_to_cnf arg Convert SELECT query to CNF --optimize_or_like_chain arg Optimize multiple OR LIKE into multiMatchAny. This optimization should not be enabled by default, because it defies index analysis in some cases. --optimize_arithmetic_operations_in_aggregate_functions arg Move arithmetic operations out of aggregation functions --optimize_redundant_functions_in_order_by arg Remove functions from ORDER BY if its argument is also in ORDER BY --optimize_if_chain_to_multiif arg Replace if(cond1, then1, if(cond2, ...)) chains to multiIf. Currently it's not beneficial for numeric types. --optimize_multiif_to_if arg Replace 'multiIf' with only one condition to 'if'. --optimize_if_transform_strings_to_enum arg Replaces string-type arguments in If and Transform to enum. Disabled by default cause it could make inconsistent change in distributed query that would lead to its fail. --optimize_functions_to_subcolumns arg Transform functions to subcolumns, if possible, to reduce amount of read data. E.g. 'length(arr)' -> 'arr.size0', 'col IS NULL' -> 'col.null' --optimize_using_constraints arg Use constraints for query optimization --optimize_substitute_columns arg Use constraints for column substitution --optimize_append_index arg Use constraints in order to append index condition (indexHint) --optimize_time_filter_with_preimage arg Optimize Date and DateTime predicates by converting functions into equivalent comparisons without conversions (e.g. toYear(col) = 2023 -> col >= '2023-01-01' AND col <= '2023-12-31') --normalize_function_names arg Normalize function names to their canonical names --enable_early_constant_folding arg Enable query optimization where we analyze function and subqueries results and rewrite query if there are constants there --deduplicate_blocks_in_dependent_materialized_views arg Should deduplicate blocks for materialized views if the block is not a duplicate for the table. Use true to always deduplicate in dependent tables. --throw_if_deduplication_in_dependent_materialized_views_enabled_with_async_insert arg Throw exception on INSERT query when the setting `deduplicate_blocks_in_depe ndent_materialized_views` is enabled along with `async_insert`. It guarantees correctness, because these features can't work together. --update_insert_deduplication_token_in_dependent_materialized_views arg Should update insert deduplication token with table identifier during insert in dependent materialized views. --materialized_views_ignore_errors arg Allows to ignore errors for MATERIALIZED VIEW, and deliver original block to the table regardless of MVs --ignore_materialized_views_with_dropped_target_table arg Ignore MVs with dropped target table during pushing to views --allow_experimental_refreshable_materialized_view arg Allow refreshable materialized views (CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW REFRESH ...). --stop_refreshable_materialized_views_on_startup arg On server startup, prevent scheduling of refreshable materialized views, as if with SYSTEM STOP VIEWS. You can manually start them with SYSTEM START VIEWS or SYSTEM START VIEW afterwards. Also applies to newly created views. Has no effect on non-refreshable materialized views. --use_compact_format_in_distributed_parts_names arg Changes format of directories names for distributed table insert parts. --validate_polygons arg Throw exception if polygon is invalid in function pointInPolygon (e.g. self-tangent, self-intersecting). If the setting is false, the function will accept invalid polygons but may silently return wrong result. --max_parser_depth arg Maximum parser depth (recursion depth of recursive descend parser). --max_parser_backtracks arg Maximum parser backtracking (how many times it tries different alternatives in the recursive descend parsing process). --max_recursive_cte_evaluation_depth arg Maximum limit on recursive CTE evaluation depth --allow_settings_after_format_in_insert arg Allow SETTINGS after FORMAT, but note, that this is not always safe (note: this is a compatibility setting). --periodic_live_view_refresh arg Interval after which periodically refreshed live view is forced to refresh. --transform_null_in arg If enabled, NULL values will be matched with 'IN' operator as if they are considered equal. --allow_nondeterministic_mutations arg Allow non-deterministic functions in ALTER UPDATE/ALTER DELETE statements --lock_acquire_timeout arg How long locking request should wait before failing --materialize_ttl_after_modify arg Apply TTL for old data, after ALTER MODIFY TTL query --function_implementation arg Choose function implementation for specific target or variant (experimental). If empty enable all of them. --data_type_default_nullable arg Data types without NULL or NOT NULL will make Nullable --cast_keep_nullable arg CAST operator keep Nullable for result data type --cast_ipv4_ipv6_default_on_conversion_error arg CAST operator into IPv4, CAST operator into IPV6 type, toIPv4, toIPv6 functions will return default value instead of throwing exception on conversion error. --alter_partition_verbose_result arg Output information about affected parts. Currently works only for FREEZE and ATTACH commands. --allow_experimental_database_materialized_mysql arg Allow to create database with Engine=MaterializedMySQL(...). --allow_experimental_database_materialized_postgresql arg Allow to create database with Engine=MaterializedPostgreSQL(...). --system_events_show_zero_values arg When querying system.events or system.metrics tables, include all metrics, even with zero values. --mysql_datatypes_support_level arg Defines how MySQL types are converted to corresponding ClickHouse types. A comma separated list in any combination of 'decimal', 'datetime64', 'date2Date32' or 'date2String'. decimal: convert NUMERIC and DECIMAL types to Decimal when precision allows it. datetime64: convert DATETIME and TIMESTAMP types to DateTime64 instead of DateTime when precision is not 0. date2Date32: convert DATE to Date32 instead of Date. Takes precedence over date2String. date2String: convert DATE to String instead of Date. Overridden by datetime64. --optimize_trivial_insert_select arg Optimize trivial 'INSERT INTO table SELECT ... FROM TABLES' query --allow_non_metadata_alters arg Allow to execute alters which affects not only tables metadata, but also data on disk --enable_global_with_statement arg Propagate WITH statements to UNION queries and all subqueries --aggregate_functions_null_for_empty arg Rewrite all aggregate functions in a query, adding -OrNull suffix to them --optimize_syntax_fuse_functions arg Allow apply fuse aggregating function. Available only with `allow_experimental _analyzer` --flatten_nested arg If true, columns of type Nested will be flatten to separate array columns instead of one array of tuples --asterisk_include_materialized_columns arg Include MATERIALIZED columns for wildcard query --asterisk_include_alias_columns arg Include ALIAS columns for wildcard query --optimize_skip_merged_partitions arg Skip partitions with one part with level > 0 in optimize final --optimize_on_insert arg Do the same transformation for inserted block of data as if merge was done on this block. --optimize_use_projections arg Automatically choose projections to perform SELECT query --allow_experimental_projection_optimization arg Automatically choose projections to perform SELECT query --optimize_use_implicit_projections arg Automatically choose implicit projections to perform SELECT query --force_optimize_projection arg If projection optimization is enabled, SELECT queries need to use projection --force_optimize_projection_name arg If it is set to a non-empty string, check that this projection is used in the query at least once. --preferred_optimize_projection_name arg If it is set to a non-empty string, ClickHouse tries to apply specified projection --async_socket_for_remote arg Asynchronously read from socket executing remote query --async_query_sending_for_remote arg Asynchronously create connections and send query to shards in remote query --insert_null_as_default arg Insert DEFAULT values instead of NULL in INSERT SELECT (UNION ALL) --describe_extend_object_types arg Deduce concrete type of columns of type Object in DESCRIBE query --describe_include_subcolumns arg If true, subcolumns of all table columns will be included into result of DESCRIBE query --describe_include_virtual_columns arg If true, virtual columns of table will be included into result of DESCRIBE query --describe_compact_output arg If true, include only column names and types into result of DESCRIBE query --apply_mutations_on_fly arg Only available in ClickHouse Cloud --mutations_execute_nondeterministic_on_initiator arg If true nondeterministic function are executed on initiator and replaced to literals in UPDATE and DELETE queries --mutations_execute_subqueries_on_initiator arg If true scalar subqueries are executed on initiator and replaced to literals in UPDATE and DELETE queries --mutations_max_literal_size_to_replace arg The maximum size of serialized literal in bytes to replace in UPDATE and DELETE queries --create_replicated_merge_tree_fault_injection_probability arg The probability of a fault injection during table creation after creating metadata in ZooKeeper --use_query_cache arg Enable the query cache --enable_writes_to_query_cache arg Enable storing results of SELECT queries in the query cache --enable_reads_from_query_cache arg Enable reading results of SELECT queries from the query cache --query_cache_nondeterministic_function_handling arg How the query cache handles queries with non-deterministic functions, e.g. now() --query_cache_system_table_handling arg How the query cache handles queries against system tables, i.e. tables in databases 'system.*' and 'information_schema.*' --query_cache_max_size_in_bytes arg The maximum amount of memory (in bytes) the current user may allocate in the query cache. 0 means unlimited. --query_cache_max_entries arg The maximum number of query results the current user may store in the query cache. 0 means unlimited. --query_cache_min_query_runs arg Minimum number a SELECT query must run before its result is stored in the query cache --query_cache_min_query_duration arg Minimum time in milliseconds for a query to run for its result to be stored in the query cache. --query_cache_compress_entries arg Compress cache entries. --query_cache_squash_partial_results arg Squash partial result blocks to blocks of size 'max_block_size'. Reduces performance of inserts into the query cache but improves the compressability of cache entries. --query_cache_ttl arg After this time in seconds entries in the query cache become stale --query_cache_share_between_users arg Allow other users to read entry in the query cache --enable_sharing_sets_for_mutations arg Allow sharing set objects build for IN subqueries between different tasks of the same mutation. This reduces memory usage and CPU consumption --optimize_rewrite_sum_if_to_count_if arg Rewrite sumIf() and sum(if()) function countIf() function when logically equivalent --optimize_rewrite_aggregate_function_with_if arg Rewrite aggregate functions with if expression as argument when logically equivalent. For example, avg(if(cond, col, null)) can be rewritten to avgIf(cond, col) --optimize_rewrite_array_exists_to_has arg Rewrite arrayExists() functions to has() when logically equivalent. For example, arrayExists(x -> x = 1, arr) can be rewritten to has(arr, 1) --insert_shard_id arg If non zero, when insert into a distributed table, the data will be inserted into the shard `insert_shard_id` synchronously. Possible values range from 1 to `shards_number` of corresponding distributed table --collect_hash_table_stats_during_aggregation arg Enable collecting hash table statistics to optimize memory allocation --max_entries_for_hash_table_stats arg How many entries hash table statistics collected during aggregation is allowed to have --max_size_to_preallocate_for_aggregation arg For how many elements it is allowed to preallocate space in all hash tables in total before aggregation --kafka_disable_num_consumers_limit arg Disable limit on kafka_num_consumers that depends on the number of available CPU cores --enable_software_prefetch_in_aggregation arg Enable use of software prefetch in aggregation --allow_aggregate_partitions_independently arg Enable independent aggregation of partitions on separate threads when partition key suits group by key. Beneficial when number of partitions close to number of cores and partitions have roughly the same size --force_aggregate_partitions_independently arg Force the use of optimization when it is applicable, but heuristics decided not to use it --max_number_of_partitions_for_independent_aggregation arg Maximal number of partitions in table to apply optimization --min_hit_rate_to_use_consecutive_keys_optimization arg Minimal hit rate of a cache which is used for consecutive keys optimization in aggregation to keep it enabled --allow_experimental_query_deduplication arg Experimental data deduplication for SELECT queries based on part UUIDs --engine_file_empty_if_not_exists arg Allows to select data from a file engine table without file --engine_file_truncate_on_insert arg Enables or disables truncate before insert in file engine tables --engine_file_allow_create_multiple_files arg Enables or disables creating a new file on each insert in file engine tables if format has suffix. --engine_file_skip_empty_files arg [truncated]