convert(1) General Commands Manual convert(1) # [NAME](#NAME) convert - convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more. # [SYNOPSIS](#SYNOPSIS) [**convert** \[*input-option*\] *input-file* \[*output-option*\] *output-file*](#convert) # [OVERVIEW](#OVERVIEW) The **convert** program is a member of the [ImageMagick(1)](/man/enterprise-packages/imagemagick-6/ImageMagick.1) suite of tools. Use it to convert between image formats as well as resize an image, blur, crop, despeckle, dither, draw on, flip, join, re-sample, and much more. For more information about the convert command, point your browser to file:///usr/share/doc/ImageMagick-6/www/convert.html or https://imagemagick.org/script/convert.php. # [DESCRIPTION](#DESCRIPTION) Image Settings: \-adjoin join images into a single multi-image file \-affine matrix affine transform matrix \-alpha option activate, deactivate, reset, or set the alpha channel \-antialias remove pixel-aliasing \-authenticate value decrypt image with this password \-attenuate value lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image \-background color background color \-bias value add bias when convolving an image \-black-point-compensation use black point compensation \-blue-primary point chromaticity blue primary point \-bordercolor color border color \-caption string assign a caption to an image \-cdl filename color correct with a color decision list \-channel type apply option to select image channels \-clip clip along the first path from the 8BIM profile \-clip-mask filename associate a clip mask with the image \-clip-path id clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile \-colors value preferred number of colors in the image \-colorspace type alternate image colorspace \-comment string annotate image with comment \-compose operator set image composite operator \-compress type type of pixel compression when writing the image \-decipher filename convert cipher pixels to plain pixels \-define format:option define one or more image format options \-delay centiseconds display the next image after pausing \-density geometry horizontal and vertical density of the image \-depth value image depth \-direction type render text right-to-left or left-to-right \-display server get image or font from this X server \-dispose method layer disposal method \-dither method apply error diffusion to image \-encipher filename convert plain pixels to cipher pixels \-encoding type text encoding type \-endian type endianness (MSB or LSB) of the image \-family name render text with this font family \-features distance analyze image features (e.g. contrast, correlation) \-fill color color to use when filling a graphic primitive \-filter type use this filter when resizing an image \-flatten flatten a sequence of images \-font name render text with this font \-format "string" output formatted image characteristics \-fuzz distance colors within this distance are considered equal \-gravity type horizontal and vertical text placement \-green-primary point chromaticity green primary point \-intensity method method to generate intensity value from pixel \-intent type type of rendering intent when managing the image color \-interlace type type of image interlacing scheme \-interline-spacing value   set the space between two text lines \-interpolate method pixel color interpolation method \-interword-spacing value   set the space between two words \-kerning value set the space between two letters \-label string assign a label to an image \-limit type value pixel cache resource limit \-loop iterations add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation \-mask filename associate a mask with the image \-matte store matte channel if the image has one \-mattecolor color frame color \-metric type measure differences between images with this metric \-moments report image moments \-monitor monitor progress \-orient type image orientation \-page geometry size and location of an image canvas (setting) \-ping efficiently determine image attributes \-pointsize value font point size \-precision value maximum number of significant digits to print \-preview type image preview type \-quality value JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level \-quiet suppress all warning messages \-red-primary point chromaticity red primary point \-regard-warnings pay attention to warning messages \-remap filename transform image colors to match this set of colors \-repage geometry size and location of an image canvas \-respect-parentheses settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary \-sampling-factor geometry horizontal and vertical sampling factor \-scene value image scene number \-seed value seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers \-size geometry width and height of image \-statistic type geometry replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood \-stretch type render text with this font stretch \-stroke color graphic primitive stroke color \-strokewidth value graphic primitive stroke width \-style type render text with this font style \-support factor resize support: > 1.0 is blurry, < 1.0 is sharp \-synchronize synchronize image to storage device \-taint declare the image as modified \-texture filename name of texture to tile onto the image background \-tile-offset geometry tile offset \-treedepth value color tree depth \-transparent-color color transparent color \-undercolor color annotation bounding box color \-units type the units of image resolution \-verbose print detailed information about the image \-view FlashPix viewing transforms \-virtual-pixel method virtual pixel access method \-weight type render text with this font weight \-white-point point chromaticity white point Image Operators: \-adaptive-blur geometry adaptively blur pixels; decrease effect near edges \-adaptive-resize geometry adaptively resize image with data dependent triangulation \-adaptive-sharpen geometry adaptively sharpen pixels; increase effect near edges \-annotate geometry text annotate the image with text \-auto-gamma automagically adjust gamma level of image \-auto-level automagically adjust color levels of image \-auto-orient automatically orient image \-bench iterations measure performance \-black-threshold value force all pixels below the threshold into black \-blue-shift factor simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight \-blur geometry reduce image noise and reduce detail levels \-border geometry surround image with a border of color \-brightness-contrast geometry improve brightness / contrast of the image \-canny geometry detect edges in the image \-charcoal radius simulate a charcoal drawing \-chop geometry remove pixels from the image interior \-clamp keep pixel values in range (0-QuantumRange) \-clip clip along the first path from the 8BIM profile \-clip-mask filename associate a clip mask with the image \-clip-path id clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile \-colorize value colorize the image with the fill color \-color-matrix matrix apply color correction to the image \-connected-component connectivity connected-components uniquely labeled \-contrast enhance or reduce the image contrast \-contrast-stretch geometry improve contrast by \`stretching' the intensity range \-convolve coefficients apply a convolution kernel to the image \-cycle amount cycle the image colormap \-deskew threshold straighten an image \-despeckle reduce the speckles within an image \-distort method args distort images according to given method and args \-draw string annotate the image with a graphic primitive \-edge radius apply a filter to detect edges in the image \-emboss radius emboss an image \-enhance apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image \-equalize perform histogram equalization to an image \-evaluate operator value evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression \-extent geometry set the image size \-extract geometry extract area from image \-fft implements the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) \-flip flip image vertically \-floodfill geometry color floodfill the image with color \-flop flop image horizontally \-frame geometry surround image with an ornamental border \-function name apply a function to the image \-gamma value level of gamma correction \-gaussian-blur geometry reduce image noise and reduce detail levels \-geometry geometry preferred size or location of the image \-grayscale method convert image to grayscale \-hough-lines geometry identify lines in the image \-identify identify the format and characteristics of the image \-ift implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT) \-implode amount implode image pixels about the center \-interpolative-resize geometry resize image using 'point sampled' interpolation \-lat geometry local adaptive thresholding \-layers method optimize or compare image layers \-level value adjust the level of image contrast \-level-colors color,color level image with the given colors \-linear-stretch geometry improve contrast by \`stretching with saturation' the intensity range \-liquid-rescale geometry rescale image with seam-carving \-magnify double the size of the image with pixel art scaling \-mean-shift geometry delineate arbitrarily shaped clusters in the image \-median geometry apply a median filter to the image \-mode geometry make each pixel the 'predominant color' of the neighborhood \-modulate value vary the brightness, saturation, and hue \-monochrome transform image to black and white \-morphology method kernel apply a morphology method to the image \-motion-blur geometry simulate motion blur \-negate replace each pixel with its complementary color \-noise geometry add or reduce noise in an image \-normalize transform image to span the full range of colors \-opaque color change this color to the fill color \-ordered-dither NxN add a noise pattern to the image with specific amplitudes \-paint radius simulate an oil painting \-perceptible epsilon pixel value less than |epsilon| become epsilon or -epsilon \-polaroid angle simulate a Polaroid picture \-posterize levels reduce the image to a limited number of color levels \-print string interpret string and print to console \-profile filename add, delete, or apply an image profile \-quantize colorspace reduce colors in this colorspace \-radial-blur angle radial blur the image \-raise value lighten/darken image edges to create a 3-D effect \-random-threshold low,high random threshold the image \-region geometry apply options to a portion of the image \-render render vector graphics \-resample geometry change the resolution of an image \-resize geometry resize the image \-roll geometry roll an image vertically or horizontally \-rotate degrees apply Paeth rotation to the image \-sample geometry scale image with pixel sampling \-scale geometry scale the image \-segment values segment an image \-selective-blur geometry selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold \-sepia-tone threshold simulate a sepia-toned photo \-set property value set an image property \-shade degrees shade the image using a distant light source \-shadow geometry simulate an image shadow \-sharpen geometry sharpen the image \-shave geometry shave pixels from the image edges \-shear geometry slide one edge of the image along the X or Y axis \-sigmoidal-contrast geometry lightness rescaling using sigmoidal contrast enhancement \-sketch geometry simulate a pencil sketch \-solarize threshold negate all pixels above the threshold level \-sparse-color method args fill in a image based on a few color points \-splice geometry splice the background color into the image \-spread amount displace image pixels by a random amount \-strip strip image of all profiles and comments \-swirl degrees swirl image pixels about the center \-threshold value threshold the image \-thumbnail geometry create a thumbnail of the image \-tile filename tile image when filling a graphic primitive \-tint value tint the image with the fill color \-transform affine transform image \-transparent color make this color transparent within the image \-transpose flip image vertically and rotate 90 degrees \-transverse flop image horizontally and rotate 270 degrees \-trim trim image edges \-type type image type \-unique-colors discard all but one of any pixel color \-unsharp geometry sharpen the image \-vignette geometry soften the edges of the image in vignette style \-wave geometry alter an image along a sine wave \-wavelet-denoise threshold removes noise from the image using a wavelet transform \-white-threshold value force all pixels above the threshold into white Image Sequence Operators: \-append append an image sequence top to bottom (use +append for left to right) \-clut apply a color lookup table to the image \-coalesce merge a sequence of images \-combine combine a sequence of images \-compare mathematically and visually annotate the difference between an image and its reconstruction \-complex operator perform complex mathematics on an image sequence \-composite composite image \-copy geometry offset, copy pixels from one area of an image to another \-crop geometry cut out a rectangular region of the image \-deconstruct break down an image sequence into constituent parts \-evaluate-sequence operator evaluate an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression \-flatten flatten a sequence of images \-fx expression apply mathematical expression to an image channel(s) \-hald-clut apply a Hald color lookup table to the image \-morph value morph an image sequence \-mosaic create a mosaic from an image sequence \-poly terms build a polynomial from the image sequence and the corresponding terms (coefficients and degree pairs) \-process arguments process the image with a custom image filter \-separate separate an image channel into a grayscale image \-smush geometry smush an image sequence together \-write filename write images to this file Image Stack Operators: \-clone indexes clone an image \-delete indexes delete the image from the image sequence \-duplicate count,indexes duplicate an image one or more times \-insert index insert last image into the image sequence \-reverse reverse image sequence \-swap indexes swap two images in the image sequence Miscellaneous Options: \-debug events display copious debugging information \-distribute-cache port distributed pixel cache spanning one or more servers \-help print program options \-log format format of debugging information \-list type print a list of supported option arguments \-version print version information Use any setting or operator as an *output-option*. Only a limited number of setting are *input-option*. They include: -antialias, -caption, -density, -define, -encoding, -font, -pointsize, -size, and -texture as well as any of the miscellaneous options. By default, the image format of \`file' is determined by its magic number. To specify a particular image format, precede the filename with an image format name and a colon (i.e. ps:image) or specify the image type as the filename suffix (i.e. image.ps). Specify 'file' as '-' for standard input or output. # [SEE ALSO](#SEE_ALSO) [ImageMagick(1)](/man/enterprise-packages/imagemagick-6/ImageMagick.1) # [COPYRIGHT](#COPYRIGHT) **Copyright (C) 1999 ImageMagick Studio LLC. Additional copyrights and licenses apply to this software, see file:///usr/share/doc/ImageMagick-6/www/license.html or https://imagemagick.org/license/** Date: 2009/01/10 01:00:00 ImageMagick --- Document: convert(1) from imagemagick-6 6.9.13.58-r0 (Chainguard OS) Source: https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick6.git