usage:
datamodel-codegen [options]
Generate Python data models from schema definitions or structured data
For detailed usage, see: https://datamodel-code-generator.koxudaxi.dev
Options:
--additional-imports ADDITIONAL_IMPORTS
Custom imports for output (delimited list input). For example
"datetime.date,datetime.datetime"
--allow-private-network, --no-allow-private-network
Allow HTTP(S) schema requests to private, loopback, link-local, or
otherwise non-public network hosts. By default these targets are blocked
to reduce server-side request forgery (SSRF) risk. If a trusted internal
schema endpoint is blocked, verify the URL and pass this option; otherwise
use a local schema file or public endpoint. Pass --no-allow-private-
network to override a configuration file that enables it.
--allow-remote-refs, --no-allow-remote-refs
Allow fetching remote $ref references over HTTP/HTTPS. Currently remote
fetching is allowed by default but emits a deprecation warning. Pass
--allow-remote-refs to opt in without warning, or --no-allow-remote-refs
to block remote fetching. In a future version, remote fetching will be
disabled by default.
--class-decorators CLASS_DECORATORS
Custom decorators for generated model classes (delimited list input). For
example "@dataclass_json(letter_case=LetterCase.CAMEL)". The "@" prefix is
optional and will be added automatically if missing.
--custom-formatters CUSTOM_FORMATTERS
List of modules with custom formatter (delimited list input).
--emit-model-metadata EMIT_MODEL_METADATA
Write a separate JSON map from source schema references to generated
models and fields.
--external-ref-mapping FILE_PATH=PYTHON_PACKAGE [FILE_PATH=PYTHON_PACKAGE ...]
Map external $ref file paths to Python import packages instead of
generating duplicate classes. Accepts one or more mappings after a single
flag. Format: "path/to/schema.yaml=mypackage.models". When a $ref points
to a mapped file, an import statement is generated instead of a class
definition.
--formatters {builtin,black,isort,ruff-check,ruff-format} [{builtin,black,isort,ruff-check,ruff-format} ...]
Formatters (current default: black, isort; future default: builtin). For
Ruff projects, use --formatters ruff-check ruff-format (install with pip
install 'datamodel-code-generator[ruff]'). Use --formatters builtin when
no external formatter is used or generation speed takes priority. Keep
--formatters black isort to preserve existing formatting. New 20260909
presets include builtin; explicit formatters override presets. The future
builtin default reduces installation dependencies and version constraints.
Black/isort remain required today; declare [black,isort] extras for their
later optional installation. Review custom-template output with builtin.
Details: https://datamodel-code-generator.koxudaxi.dev/formatter-behavior/
--http-backend {auto,httpx,httpx2}
Select the HTTP client backend. 'auto' (default) selects stable HTTPX when
its client module is installed and only selects experimental HTTPX2 when
that module is absent. 'httpx' and 'httpx2' require that exact backend.
Explicit selections and paired dependency errors do not fall back.
--http-headers HTTP_HEADER [HTTP_HEADER ...]
Set headers in HTTP requests to the remote host. (example: "Authorization:
Basic dXNlcjpwYXNz")
--http-ignore-tls Disable verification of the remote host's TLS certificate
--http-local-ref-path HTTP_LOCAL_REF_PATH
Resolve HTTP(S) JSON Schema $ref URLs from a local directory instead of
fetching them. URLs are mapped under the directory by host and path;
extensionless refs also try '.json'.
--http-query-parameters HTTP_QUERY_PARAMETERS [HTTP_QUERY_PARAMETERS ...]
Set query parameters in HTTP requests to the remote host. (example:
"ref=branch")
--http-timeout HTTP_TIMEOUT
Timeout in seconds for HTTP requests to remote hosts (default: 30)
--input INPUT Input file/directory (default: stdin)
--input-file-type {auto,openapi,asyncapi,jsonschema,mcp-tools,xmlschema,protobuf,avro,json,yaml,dict,csv,graphql}
Input file type (default: auto). Use 'jsonschema', 'openapi', 'asyncapi',
'graphql', 'mcp-tools', 'xmlschema', 'protobuf', or 'avro' for schema
definitions. Use 'json', 'yaml', or 'csv' for raw sample data to infer a
schema automatically.
--input-model MODULE_OR_PATH:NAME
Python import path or file path to a Pydantic v2 model or schema dict
(e.g., 'mypackage.module:ClassName', './models.py:ClassName', or
'mypackage.schemas:SCHEMA_DICT'). Can be specified multiple times for
related models with inheritance. For dict input, --input-file-type is
required. Cannot be used with --input or --url.
--input-model-ref-strategy {regenerate-all,reuse-foreign,reuse-all}
Strategy for referenced types in --input-model. 'regenerate-all':
Regenerate all types. 'reuse-foreign': Reuse types from different families
(Enum, etc.), regenerate same-family. 'reuse-all': Reuse all referenced
types via import. If not specified, defaults to regenerate-all behavior.
--locked Require an existing remote lock and validate each fetched resource against
it (experimental).
--lockfile LOCKFILE Select the remote reference integrity lock file (experimental). An
existing selected lock is verified automatically; a missing selected lock
is ignored unless --locked is used. The default is datamodel-codegen.lock
beside the discovered pyproject.toml, or in the invocation working
directory when no project is found. Explicit relative paths resolve from
the invocation working directory.
--output OUTPUT Output file (default: stdout)
--output-model-type {pydantic_v2.BaseModel,pydantic_v2.dataclass,dataclasses.dataclass,typing.TypedDict,msgspec.Struct}
Output model type (default: pydantic_v2.BaseModel)
--preset {standard-py310-20260619,standard-py311-20260619,standard-py312-20260619,standard-py313-20260619,standard-py314-20260619,practical-py310-20260619,practical-py311-20260619,practical-py312-20260619,practical-py313-20260619,practical-py314-20260619,standard-py310-20260826,standard-py311-20260826,standard-py312-20260826,standard-py313-20260826,standard-py314-20260826,practical-py310-20260826,practical-py311-20260826,practical-py312-20260826,practical-py313-20260826,practical-py314-20260826,standard-py310-20260909,standard-py311-20260909,standard-py312-20260909,standard-py313-20260909,standard-py314-20260909,practical-py310-20260909,practical-py311-20260909,practical-py312-20260909,practical-py313-20260909,practical-py314-20260909}
Apply an immutable built-in option preset. Preset names include the target
Python version so generated syntax is pinned.
--schema-version SCHEMA_VERSION
Schema version. Valid values depend on input type: JsonSchema: auto,
draft-04, draft-06, draft-07, 2019-09, 2020-12. OpenAPI: auto, 3.0, 3.1,
3.2. AsyncAPI: auto, 2.0, 3.0. XMLSchema: auto, 1.0, 1.1. Protobuf: auto,
proto2, proto3, 2023. (default: auto - detected from $schema,
openapi/asyncapi field, XML Schema versioning attributes, or Protobuf
syntax/edition)
--schema-version-mode {lenient,strict}
Schema version validation mode. 'lenient': accept all features regardless
of version (default). 'strict': warn on features outside declared/detected
version.
--strict-refs Treat unresolved local $ref JSON pointers as errors instead of generating
fallback Any models.
--update-lock Create or atomically update the selected remote lock after generation
(experimental).
--url URL Input file URL. `--input` is ignored when `--url` is used. For HTTP(S),
datamodel-code-generator[http] remains the stable HTTPX backend and is not
deprecated, while datamodel-code-generator[httpx2] is experimental. The
default --http-backend auto policy selects stable HTTPX when its client
module is installed and selects HTTPX2 only when that module is absent.
Select --http-backend httpx2 to require the experimental backend. Explicit
selections and paired dependency errors do not fall back.
Typing customization:
--allof-class-hierarchy {if-no-conflict,always}
How to map allOf references to class hierarchies. 'if-no-conflict': only
create subclasses when parent class has no conflicting property
definition. 'always': always create subclasses.
--allof-merge-mode {constraints,all,none}
Mode for field merging in allOf schemas. 'constraints': merge only
constraints (minItems, maxItems, pattern, etc.) from parent (default).
'all': merge constraints plus annotations (default, examples) from parent.
'none': do not merge any fields from parent properties.
--base-class BASE_CLASS
Base Class (default: pydantic.BaseModel)
--base-class-map BASE_CLASS_MAP
Model-specific base class mapping (JSON or JSON file path). Example:
'{"MyModel": "custom.BaseA", "OtherModel": "custom.BaseB"}'. Priority:
base-class-map > customBasePath (in schema) > base-class.
--disable-future-imports
Disable __future__ imports
--enum-field-as-literal {all,one,none}
Parse enum field as literal. all: all enum field type are Literal. one:
field type is Literal when an enum has only one possible value. none:
always use Enum class (never convert to Literal)
--enum-field-as-literal-map ENUM_FIELD_AS_LITERAL_MAP
Per-field override for enum/literal generation (JSON or JSON file path).
Format: JSON object mapping field names to 'literal' or 'enum'. Example:
'{"status": "literal", "priority": "enum"}'. Overrides --enum-field-as-
literal for matched fields.
--field-constraints Use field constraints and not con* annotations
--ignore-enum-constraints
Ignore enum constraints and use the base type (e.g., str, int) instead of
generating Enum classes
--import-overrides IMPORT_OVERRIDES
Override modules for generated imports by symbol name. Format: JSON object
mapping symbols to module paths. Example: '{"TypedDict":
"my_project.typing_compat", "NotRequired": "my_project.typing_compat"}'.
--set-default-enum-member
Deprecated: --set-default-enum-member is deprecated. Use --deserialize-
default-values enum instead.
--strict-types {str,bytes,int,float,bool} [{str,bytes,int,float,bool} ...]
Use strict types
--type-mappings TYPE_MAPPINGS [TYPE_MAPPINGS ...]
Override default type mappings. Format: "type+format=target" (e.g.,
"string+binary=string" to map binary format to string type) or
"format=target" (e.g., "binary=string"). Can be specified multiple times.
--type-overrides TYPE_OVERRIDES
Replace schema model types with custom Python types. Format: JSON object
mapping model names to Python import paths. Model-level: '{"CustomType":
"my_app.types.MyType"}' replaces all references. Scoped: '{"User.field":
"my_app.Type"}' replaces specific field only.
--use-annotated, --no-use-annotated
Use typing.Annotated for Field(). Also, `--field-constraints` option will
be enabled. Will become default for Pydantic v2 in a future version.
--use-closed-typed-dict, --no-use-closed-typed-dict
Generate TypedDict with PEP 728 closed=True/extra_items for
additionalProperties constraints. Use --no-use-closed-typed-dict for type
checkers that don't yet support PEP 728 (e.g., mypy).
--use-decimal-for-multiple-of
Use condecimal instead of confloat for float/number fields with multipleOf
constraint (Pydantic only). Avoids floating-point precision issues in
validation.
--use-enum-values-in-discriminator
Use enum member literals in discriminator fields instead of string
literals
--use-generic-container-types
Use generic container types for type hinting (typing.Sequence,
typing.Mapping). If `--use-standard-collections` option is set, then
import from collections.abc instead of typing
--use-non-positive-negative-number-constrained-types
Use the Non{Positive,Negative}{FloatInt} types instead of the
corresponding con* constrained types.
--use-object-type Use object instead of Any for unspecified JSON Schema object and array
values
--use-one-literal-as-default
Use one literal as default value for one literal field
--use-root-model-type-alias
Use type alias format for RootModel (e.g., Foo = RootModel[Bar]) instead
of class inheritance (Pydantic v2 only)
--use-serialize-as-any
Use pydantic.SerializeAsAny for fields with types that have subtypes
(Pydantic v2 only)
--use-specialized-enum, --no-use-specialized-enum
Use specialized Enum class (StrEnum, IntEnum). Requires --target-python-
version 3.11+
--use-standard-collections, --no-use-standard-collections
Use standard collections for type hinting (list, dict). Default: enabled
--use-subclass-enum Define generic Enum class as subclass with field type when enum has type
(int, float, bytes, str)
--use-total-false-for-typed-dict
Generate TypedDict with total=False and mark required fields with Required
--use-tuple-for-fixed-items
Generate tuple types for arrays with items array syntax when minItems
equals maxItems equals items length
--use-tuple-for-fixed-length-arrays
Generate tuple types for fixed-length arrays with a single items schema
--use-type-alias Use TypeAlias instead of root models (experimental)
--use-type-alias-type
Use TypeAliasType for type aliases on Python 3.10 and 3.11 (implies --use-
type-alias; experimental)
--use-union-operator, --no-use-union-operator
Use | operator for Union type (PEP 604). Default: enabled
--use-unique-items-as-set
define field type as `set` when the field attribute has `uniqueItems`
Field customization:
--capitalise-enum-members, --capitalize-enum-members
Capitalize field names on enum
--empty-enum-field-name EMPTY_ENUM_FIELD_NAME
Set field name when enum value is empty (default: `_`)
--field-extra-keys FIELD_EXTRA_KEYS [FIELD_EXTRA_KEYS ...]
Add extra keys to field parameters
--field-extra-keys-without-x-prefix FIELD_EXTRA_KEYS_WITHOUT_X_PREFIX [FIELD_EXTRA_KEYS_WITHOUT_X_PREFIX ...]
Add extra keys with `x-` prefix to field parameters. The extra keys are
stripped of the `x-` prefix.
--field-include-all-keys
Add all keys to field parameters
--field-type-collision-strategy {rename-field,rename-type}
Strategy for handling field name and type name collisions (Pydantic v2
only). 'rename-field': rename field with suffix and add alias (default).
'rename-type': rename type class with suffix to preserve field name.
--force-optional Force optional for required fields
--model-extra-keys MODEL_EXTRA_KEYS [MODEL_EXTRA_KEYS ...]
Add extra keys from schema extensions (x-* fields) to model_config
json_schema_extra
--model-extra-keys-without-x-prefix MODEL_EXTRA_KEYS_WITHOUT_X_PREFIX [MODEL_EXTRA_KEYS_WITHOUT_X_PREFIX ...]
Add extra keys with `x-` prefix to model_config json_schema_extra. The
extra keys are stripped of the `x-` prefix.
--no-alias Do not add a field alias. E.g., if --snake-case-field is used along with a
base class, which has an alias_generator
--original-field-name-delimiter ORIGINAL_FIELD_NAME_DELIMITER
Set delimiter to convert to snake case. This option only can be used with
--snake-case-field (default: `_` )
--remove-special-field-name-prefix
Remove field name prefix if it has a special meaning e.g. underscores
--serialization-aliases SERIALIZATION_ALIASES
Serialization alias mapping as inline JSON or a JSON file path for
Pydantic v2. Format: {'<schema_field>': '<serialization_alias>'}. Supports
hierarchical formats: Flat: {'name': 'fullName'} applies to all
occurrences. Scoped: {'User.name': 'fullName'} applies to specific class.
--snake-case-field, --no-snake-case-field
Change camel-case field name to snake-case
--special-field-name-prefix SPECIAL_FIELD_NAME_PREFIX
Set field name prefix when first character can't be used as Python field
name (default: `field`)
--strict-nullable Treat default field as a non-nullable field
--strip-default-none Strip default None on fields
--union-mode {smart,left_to_right}
Union mode for only pydantic v2 field
--use-attribute-docstrings
Set use_attribute_docstrings=True in Pydantic v2 ConfigDict
--use-default Use default value even if a field is required
--use-default-factory-for-optional-nested-models
Use default_factory for optional nested model fields instead of None
default. E.g., `field: Model | None = Field(default_factory=Model)`
instead of `field: Model | None = None`
--use-default-kwarg Use `default=` instead of a positional argument for Fields that have
default values.
--use-field-description
Use schema description to populate field docstring
--use-field-description-example
Use schema example to populate field docstring
--use-frozen-field, --no-use-frozen-field
Use Field(frozen=True) for readOnly fields (Pydantic v2).
--use-inline-field-description
Use schema description to populate field docstring as inline docstring
--use-missing-sentinel
Use pydantic.experimental.missing_sentinel.MISSING for optional fields
without defaults (Pydantic v2.12+).
--use-serialization-alias
Use serialization_alias instead of alias for field aliasing (Pydantic v2
only). This allows setting values using the Pythonic field name while
serializing to the original name.
--use-single-line-docstring
Use single-line docstrings when the content fits on one line
Model customization:
--alias-generator {to_camel,to_pascal,to_snake}
Pydantic v2 BaseModel alias generator to use in ConfigDict. Matching
generated aliases are omitted from individual Field() calls.
--all-exports-collision-strategy {error,minimal-prefix,full-prefix}
Strategy for name collisions when using --all-exports-scope=recursive.
'error': raise an error (default). 'minimal-prefix': add module prefix
only to colliding names. 'full-prefix': add full module path prefix to
colliding names.
--all-exports-scope {children,recursive}
Generate __all__ in __init__.py with re-exports. 'children': export from
direct child modules only. 'recursive': export from all descendant
modules.
--allow-extra-fields Deprecated: --allow-extra-fields is deprecated. Use --extra-fields=allow
instead.
--allow-leading-underscore-class-name
Allow an explicitly specified root class name to start with an underscore
--allow-population-by-field-name, --no-allow-population-by-field-name
Allow population by field name
--class-name CLASS_NAME
Set class name of root model
--class-name-affix-scope {all,models,enums}
Scope for applying --class-name-prefix/--class-name-suffix. 'all': Apply
to all classes including enums (default). 'models': Apply only to model
classes. 'enums': Apply only to enum classes.
--class-name-prefix CLASS_NAME_PREFIX
Prefix to add to generated class names (e.g., 'Api' produces 'ApiUser').
Does not apply to root model when --class-name is specified.
--class-name-suffix CLASS_NAME_SUFFIX
Suffix to add to generated class names (e.g., 'Schema' produces
'UserSchema'). Does not apply to root model when --class-name is
specified.
--collapse-reuse-models
When used with --reuse-model, collapse duplicate models by replacing
references instead of creating empty inheritance subclasses. This
eliminates 'class Foo(Bar): pass' patterns
--collapse-root-models, --no-collapse-root-models
Models generated with a root-type field will be merged into the models
using that root-type model
--collapse-root-models-name-strategy {child,parent}
Strategy for naming when collapsing root models that reference other
models. 'child': Keep inner model's name (default). 'parent': Use
wrapper's name for inner model. Requires --collapse-root-models to be set.
--dataclass-arguments DATACLASS_ARGUMENTS
Custom dataclass arguments as a JSON dictionary, e.g. '{"frozen": true,
"kw_only": true}'. Overrides --frozen-dataclasses and similar flags.
--disable-appending-item-suffix
Disable appending `Item` suffix to model name in an array
--disable-timestamp Disable timestamp on file headers
--duplicate-name-suffix DUPLICATE_NAME_SUFFIX
JSON mapping of type to suffix for resolving duplicate name conflicts.
Example: '{"model": "Schema"}' changes Address1 to AddressSchema. Keys:
'model' (for classes), 'enum' (for enums), 'default' (fallback). When not
specified, uses numeric suffix (Address1, Address2).
--enable-command-header
Enable command-line options on file headers for reproducibility
--enable-faux-immutability
Enable faux immutability
--enable-generated-header-marker
Enable @generated marker on file headers
--enable-version-header
Enable package version on file headers
--extra-fields {allow,ignore,forbid}
Set the generated models to allow, forbid, or ignore extra fields.
--frozen-dataclasses Generate frozen dataclasses (dataclass(frozen=True)). Only applies to
dataclass output.
--infer-union-variant-names
Infer inline oneOf/anyOf branch model names from literal discriminator-
style fields
--keep-model-order Keep generated models' order
--keyword-only Defined models as keyword only (for example dataclass(kw_only=True)).
--model-name-map MODEL_NAME_MAP
Rename generated model classes by schema ref or current generated class
name using a JSON object or JSON file.
--module-split-mode {single}
Split generated models into separate files. 'single': generate one file
per model class.
--naming-strategy {numbered,parent-prefixed,full-path,primary-first}
Strategy for generating unique model names when duplicates occur.
'numbered' (default): Append numeric suffix (Address, Address1, Address2).
Simple but names don't indicate context. 'parent-prefixed': Prefix with
parent model name using underscore (Company_Address,
Company_Employee_Address for nested). Names show hierarchy. 'full-path':
Similar to parent-prefixed but joins with CamelCase (CompanyAddress,
CompanyEmployeeAddress). More readable for deep nesting. 'primary-first':
Keep clean names for primary definitions (in /definitions/ or
/components/schemas/), only add suffix to inline/nested duplicates.
--output-date-class {date,PastDate,FutureDate}
Choose Date class between PastDate, FutureDate or date. (Pydantic v2 only)
Each output model has its default mapping.
--output-datetime-class {datetime,AwareDatetime,NaiveDatetime,PastDatetime,FutureDatetime}
Choose Datetime class between AwareDatetime, NaiveDatetime, PastDatetime,
FutureDatetime or datetime. Each output model has its default mapping (for
example pydantic: datetime, dataclass: str, ...)
--parent-scoped-naming
Deprecated: --parent-scoped-naming is deprecated. Use --naming-strategy
parent-prefixed instead.
--reuse-model Reuse models on the field when a module has the model with the same
content
--reuse-scope {module,tree}
Scope for model reuse deduplication: module (per-file, default) or tree
(cross-file with shared module). Only effective when --reuse-model is set.
--shared-module-name SHARED_MODULE_NAME
Name of the shared module for --reuse-scope=tree (default: "shared"). Use
this option if your schema has a file named "shared".
--skip-root-model Skip generating the model for the root schema element
--strict-dotted-module-names, --no-strict-dotted-module-names
Only infer dotted schema names as module paths when every segment is a
canonical Python identifier. This applies only to automatic inference and
does not override --treat-dot-as-module or --no-treat-dot-as-module.
--target-pydantic-version {2,2.11,2.12}
Target Pydantic version for generated code. '2': Pydantic 2.0+ compatible
(default, uses populate_by_name). '2.11': Pydantic 2.11+ (uses
validate_by_name). '2.12': Pydantic 2.12+ (supports MISSING sentinel).
--target-python-version {3.10,3.11,3.12,3.13,3.14}
target python version
--treat-dot-as-module, --no-treat-dot-as-module
Treat dotted schema names as module paths, creating nested directory
structures (e.g., 'foo.bar.Model' becomes 'foo/bar.py'). Use --no-treat-
dot-as-module to keep dots in names as underscores for single-file output.
--use-exact-imports import exact types instead of modules, for example: "from .foo import Bar"
instead of "from . import foo" with "foo.Bar"
--use-generic-base-class
Generate a shared base class with model configuration (e.g.,
extra='forbid') instead of repeating the configuration in each model.
Keeps code DRY.
--use-pendulum use pendulum instead of datetime
--use-root-model-sequence-interface
Make non-null sequence-like Pydantic v2 RootModel classes implement
collections.abc.Sequence by adding Sequence[T] inheritance and root-
delegating __iter__, __getitem__, and __len__ methods
--use-schema-description
Use schema description to populate class docstring
--use-standard-primitive-types, --no-use-standard-primitive-types
Use Python standard library types for string formats (UUID, IPv4Address,
etc.) instead of str. Affects dataclass, msgspec, TypedDict output.
Pydantic already uses these types by default.
--use-title-as-name use titles as class names of models
Template customization:
--aliases ALIASES Alias mapping as inline JSON or a JSON file path for renaming fields.
Format: {'<schema_field>': '<python_name>'} - the schema field name
becomes the Pydantic alias. Supports hierarchical formats: Flat: {'id':
'id_'} applies to all occurrences. Scoped: {'User.name': 'user_name'}
applies to specific class. Priority: scoped > flat. Multiple aliases
(Pydantic v2 only): {'field': ['alt1', 'alt2']} uses AliasChoices for
validation. Example: {'User.name': 'user_name', 'id': 'id_'} generates
`id_: ... = Field(alias='id')`.
--custom-file-header CUSTOM_FILE_HEADER
Custom file header
--custom-file-header-mode {replace,prepend}
How to combine a custom file header with the generated header (default:
replace)
--custom-file-header-path CUSTOM_FILE_HEADER_PATH
Custom file header file path
--custom-formatters-kwargs CUSTOM_FORMATTERS_KWARGS
Custom formatter kwargs as inline JSON or a JSON file path.
--custom-template-dir CUSTOM_TEMPLATE_DIR
Custom template directory
--default-values DEFAULT_VALUES
Default value overrides as inline JSON or a JSON file path. Supports
hierarchical formats: Flat: {'field': value} applies to all occurrences.
Scoped: {'ClassName.field': value} applies to specific class. Priority:
scoped > flat. Note: Scoped keys use the generated class name for JSON
Schema/OpenAPI. Required fields remain required unless --use-default is
also specified. Example: {'User.status': 'active', 'page': 1, 'limit': 10}
--deserialize-default-values {decimal,enum} [{decimal,enum} ...]
Deserialize serialized schema defaults for selected generated types.
Supported values: decimal, enum.
--encoding ENCODING The encoding of input and output (default: utf-8)
--extra-template-data EXTRA_TEMPLATE_DATA
Extra template data for output models as inline JSON or a JSON file path.
For OpenAPI and Jsonschema the keys are the spec path of the object, or
the name of the object if you want to apply the template data to multiple
objects with the same name. If you are using another input file type (e.g.
GraphQL), the key is the name of the object. The value is a dictionary of
the template data to add.
--generate-schema-validators
Generate Pydantic v2 model validators for JSON Schema rules that cannot be
represented as type hints (experimental).
--no-deserialize-default-values
Disable schema default value deserialization.
--schema-validator-base-class-name SCHEMA_VALIDATOR_BASE_CLASS_NAME
Set the generated shared Pydantic v2 schema runtime validator base class
name.
--schema-validator-type {pydantic-v2}
Select the schema-derived runtime validator backend. 'pydantic-v2'
generates Pydantic v2 model validators (experimental).
--use-double-quotes Model generated with double quotes. Single quotes or your black config
skip_string_normalization value will be used without this option.
--use-type-checking-imports, --no-use-type-checking-imports
Allow Ruff to move typing-only imports into TYPE_CHECKING blocks. By
default this stays enabled, except for multi-module Ruff formatting of
modular Pydantic output where referenced models stay imported at runtime.
Use --no-use-type-checking-imports to force runtime imports.
--validators VALIDATORS
Validators configuration as inline JSON or a JSON file path. Defines field
validators for Pydantic v2 models. Keys are model names, values contain
validator definitions with field, function, and mode.
--wrap-string-literal
Wrap string literal by using black `experimental-string-processing` option
(require black 20.8b0 or later)
OpenAPI-only options:
--include-path-parameters
Include path parameters in generated parameter models in addition to query
parameters (Only OpenAPI)
--openapi-include-info-version
Emit OpenAPI info.version as OPENAPI_INFO_VERSION in generated models
--openapi-include-paths PATTERN [PATTERN ...]
Include only OpenAPI paths matching fnmatch patterns. Use wildcards: '*'
matches any chars, '?' matches single char. Example: '/users/*'
'/products'. Requires '--openapi-scopes' to include 'paths'.
--openapi-scopes {schemas,paths,tags,parameters,webhooks,requestbodies,api} [{schemas,paths,tags,parameters,webhooks,requestbodies,api} ...]
Scopes of OpenAPI model generation (default: schemas)
--read-only-write-only-model-type {request-response,all}
Model generation for readOnly/writeOnly fields: 'request-response' =
Request/Response models only (no base model), 'all' = Base + Request +
Response models.
--use-operation-id-as-name
use operation id of OpenAPI as class names of models
--use-status-code-in-response-name
Include HTTP status code in response model names (e.g.,
ResourceGetResponse200, ResourceGetResponseDefault)
--validation Deprecated: The `--validation` option is deprecated and will be removed in
a future release. Use --field-constraints instead.
GraphQL-only options:
--graphql-no-typename
Exclude __typename field from generated GraphQL models. Useful when using
generated models for GraphQL mutations.
General options:
--all-jobs Run every named job from pyproject.toml in declaration order
(experimental).
--check Verify generated files are up-to-date without modifying them. Exits with
code 1 if differences found, 0 if up-to-date. Useful for CI to ensure
generated code is committed.
--debug show debug message (require "debug". `$ pip install 'datamodel-code-
generator[debug]'`)
--diff-against BASELINE_INPUT
Generate BASELINE_INPUT and the current --input into temporary outputs,
then show the generated-code diff from baseline to current. Requires
--input and --output; --output is a virtual output path that selects file
or directory layout and is never modified. Exits with code 1 when
generated outputs differ.
--disable-warnings disable warnings
--fail-on-multi-module-stdout
Return an error instead of concatenating multiple generated modules in
text stdout. This does not affect single-module, JSON, or file output.
--generate-cli-command
Generate CLI command from pyproject.toml configuration and exit
--generate-prompt [QUESTION]
Generate a prompt for consulting LLMs about CLI options. Optionally
provide your question as an argument. Pipe to CLI tools (e.g., `| claude
-p`, `| codex exec`) or copy to clipboard (e.g., `| pbcopy`, `| xclip`)
for web LLM chats.
--generate-pyproject-config
Generate pyproject.toml configuration from the provided CLI arguments and
exit
--ignore-pyproject Ignore pyproject.toml configuration
--install-skill {codex,claude-code}
Install the bundled datamodel-code-generator Agent Skill and exit
(experimental). Use --skill-scope to select a project or personal
installation.
--job NAME Run a named job from pyproject.toml [tool.datamodel-codegen.jobs.<name>]
(experimental). Can be repeated.
--list-deprecations [{table,json,markdown}]
List registered deprecations and scheduled breaking changes, then exit.
--list-experimental [{table,json,markdown}]
List registered experimental features and their compatibility notes, then
exit.
--no-color disable colorized output
--output-format {text,json}
Format for command output (default: text). Use json for structured output
when supported.
--output-format-json-schema {config,generate-prompt,generation,model-metadata,structured-output}
Output JSON Schema for the selected JSON output or JSON configuration
format and exit.
--overwrite-skill Replace an existing regular skill directory when used with --install-
skill.
--profile PROFILE Use a named profile from pyproject.toml [tool.datamodel-
codegen.profiles.<name>]
--skill-scope {project,user}
Installation scope for --install-skill (default: project). Project
installs use .agents/skills or .claude/skills; user installs use the
matching home directory.
--version show version
--watch Watch input file(s) for changes and regenerate output automatically
--watch-delay WATCH_DELAY
Debounce delay in seconds for watch mode (default: 0.5)
-h, --help show this help message and exit
Documentation: https://datamodel-code-generator.koxudaxi.dev
Agent skill: https://datamodel-code-generator.koxudaxi.dev/coding-agent-skill/
GitHub: https://github.com/datamodel-code-generator/datamodel-code-generator
Options (176)
| Option | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|
--additional-imports ADDITIONAL_IMPORTS | Custom imports for output (delimited list input). | help |
--allow-private-network, --no-allow-private-network | Allow HTTP(S) schema requests to private, loopback, link-local, or otherwise non-public network hosts. | help |
--allow-remote-refs, --no-allow-remote-refs | Allow fetching remote $ref references over HTTP/HTTPS. | help |
--class-decorators CLASS_DECORATORS | Custom decorators for generated model classes (delimited list input). | help |
--custom-formatters CUSTOM_FORMATTERS | List of modules with custom formatter (delimited list input). | help |
--emit-model-metadata EMIT_MODEL_METADATA | Write a separate JSON map from source schema references to generated models and fields. | help |
--http-backend auto | Select the HTTP client backend. | help |
--http-ignore-tls | Disable verification of the remote host's TLS certificate | help |
--http-local-ref-path HTTP_LOCAL_REF_PATH | Resolve HTTP(S) JSON Schema $ref URLs from a local directory instead of fetching them. | help |
--http-timeout HTTP_TIMEOUT | Timeout in seconds for HTTP requests to remote hosts (default: 30) | help |
--input INPUT | Input file/directory (default: stdin) | help |
--input-file-type auto | Input file type (default: auto). | help |
--input-model MODULE_OR_PATH:NAME | Python import path or file path to a Pydantic v2 model or schema dict (e.g., 'mypackage.module:ClassName', './models.py:ClassName', or 'mypackage.schemas:SCHEMA_DICT'). | help |
--input-model-ref-strategy regenerate-all | Strategy for referenced types in --input-model. | help |
--locked | Require an existing remote lock and validate each fetched resource against it (experimental). | help |
--lockfile LOCKFILE | Select the remote reference integrity lock file (experimental). | help |
--output OUTPUT | Output file (default: stdout) | help |
--output-model-type pydantic_v2.BaseModel | Output model type (default: pydantic_v2.BaseModel) | help |
--preset standard-py310-20260619 | Apply an immutable built-in option preset. | help |
--schema-version SCHEMA_VERSION | Schema version. | help |
--schema-version-mode lenient | Schema version validation mode. | help |
--strict-refs | Treat unresolved local $ref JSON pointers as errors instead of generating fallback Any models. | help |
--update-lock | Create or atomically update the selected remote lock after generation (experimental). | help |
--url URL | Input file URL. | help |
--allof-class-hierarchy if-no-conflict | How to map allOf references to class hierarchies. | help |
--allof-merge-mode constraints | Mode for field merging in allOf schemas. | help |
--base-class BASE_CLASS | Base Class (default: pydantic.BaseModel) | help |
--base-class-map BASE_CLASS_MAP | Model-specific base class mapping (JSON or JSON file path). | help |
--disable-future-imports | Disable __future__ imports | help |
--enum-field-as-literal all | Parse enum field as literal. | help |
--enum-field-as-literal-map ENUM_FIELD_AS_LITERAL_MAP | Per-field override for enum/literal generation (JSON or JSON file path). | help |
--field-constraints | Use field constraints and not con* annotations | help |
--ignore-enum-constraints | Ignore enum constraints and use the base type (e.g., str, int) instead of generating Enum classes | help |
--import-overrides IMPORT_OVERRIDES | Override modules for generated imports by symbol name. | help |
--set-default-enum-member | Deprecated: --set-default-enum-member is deprecated. | help |
--type-overrides TYPE_OVERRIDES | Replace schema model types with custom Python types. | help |
--use-annotated, --no-use-annotated | Use typing.Annotated for Field(). | help |
--use-closed-typed-dict, --no-use-closed-typed-dict | Generate TypedDict with PEP 728 closed=True/extra_items for additionalProperties constraints. | help |
--use-decimal-for-multiple-of | Use condecimal instead of confloat for float/number fields with multipleOf constraint (Pydantic only). | help |
--use-enum-values-in-discriminator | Use enum member literals in discriminator fields instead of string literals | help |
--use-generic-container-types | Use generic container types for type hinting (typing.Sequence, typing.Mapping). | help |
--use-non-positive-negative-number-constrained-types | Use the Non{Positive,Negative}{FloatInt} types instead of the corresponding con* constrained types. | help |
--use-object-type | Use object instead of Any for unspecified JSON Schema object and array values | help |
--use-one-literal-as-default | Use one literal as default value for one literal field | help |
--use-root-model-type-alias | Use type alias format for RootModel (e.g., Foo = RootModel[Bar]) instead of class inheritance (Pydantic v2 only) | help |
--use-serialize-as-any | Use pydantic.SerializeAsAny for fields with types that have subtypes (Pydantic v2 only) | help |
--use-specialized-enum, --no-use-specialized-enum | Use specialized Enum class (StrEnum, IntEnum). | help |
--use-standard-collections, --no-use-standard-collections | Use standard collections for type hinting (list, dict). | help |
--use-subclass-enum | Define generic Enum class as subclass with field type when enum has type (int, float, bytes, str) | help |
--use-total-false-for-typed-dict | Generate TypedDict with total=False and mark required fields with Required | help |
--use-tuple-for-fixed-items | Generate tuple types for arrays with items array syntax when minItems equals maxItems equals items length | help |
--use-tuple-for-fixed-length-arrays | Generate tuple types for fixed-length arrays with a single items schema | help |
--use-type-alias | Use TypeAlias instead of root models (experimental) | help |
--use-type-alias-type | Use TypeAliasType for type aliases on Python 3.10 and 3.11 (implies --use- type-alias; | help |
--use-union-operator, --no-use-union-operator | Use | operator for Union type (PEP 604). | help |
--use-unique-items-as-set | define field type as `set` when the field attribute has `uniqueItems` | help |
--capitalise-enum-members, --capitalize-enum-members | Capitalize field names on enum | help |
--empty-enum-field-name EMPTY_ENUM_FIELD_NAME | Set field name when enum value is empty (default: `_`) | help |
--field-include-all-keys | Add all keys to field parameters | help |
--field-type-collision-strategy rename-field | Strategy for handling field name and type name collisions (Pydantic v2 only). | help |
--force-optional | Force optional for required fields | help |
--no-alias | Do not add a field alias. | help |
--original-field-name-delimiter ORIGINAL_FIELD_NAME_DELIMITER | Set delimiter to convert to snake case. | help |
--remove-special-field-name-prefix | Remove field name prefix if it has a special meaning e.g. underscores | help |
--serialization-aliases SERIALIZATION_ALIASES | Serialization alias mapping as inline JSON or a JSON file path for Pydantic v2. | help |
--snake-case-field, --no-snake-case-field | Change camel-case field name to snake-case | help |
--special-field-name-prefix SPECIAL_FIELD_NAME_PREFIX | Set field name prefix when first character can't be used as Python field name (default: `field`) | help |
--strict-nullable | Treat default field as a non-nullable field | help |
--strip-default-none | Strip default None on fields | help |
--union-mode smart | Union mode for only pydantic v2 field | help |
--use-attribute-docstrings | Set use_attribute_docstrings=True in Pydantic v2 ConfigDict | help |
--use-default | Use default value even if a field is required | help |
--use-default-factory-for-optional-nested-models | Use default_factory for optional nested model fields instead of None default. | help |
--use-default-kwarg | Use `default=` instead of a positional argument for Fields that have default values. | help |
--use-field-description | Use schema description to populate field docstring | help |
--use-field-description-example | Use schema example to populate field docstring | help |
--use-frozen-field, --no-use-frozen-field | Use Field(frozen=True) for readOnly fields (Pydantic v2). | help |
--use-inline-field-description | Use schema description to populate field docstring as inline docstring | help |
--use-missing-sentinel | Use pydantic.experimental.missing_sentinel.MISSING for optional fields without defaults (Pydantic v2.12+). | help |
--use-serialization-alias | Use serialization_alias instead of alias for field aliasing (Pydantic v2 only). | help |
--use-single-line-docstring | Use single-line docstrings when the content fits on one line | help |
--alias-generator to_camel | Pydantic v2 BaseModel alias generator to use in ConfigDict. | help |
--all-exports-collision-strategy error | Strategy for name collisions when using --all-exports-scope=recursive. | help |
--all-exports-scope children | Generate __all__ in __init__.py with re-exports. | help |
--allow-extra-fields | Deprecated: --allow-extra-fields is deprecated. | help |
--allow-leading-underscore-class-name | Allow an explicitly specified root class name to start with an underscore | help |
--allow-population-by-field-name, --no-allow-population-by-field-name | Allow population by field name | help |
--class-name CLASS_NAME | Set class name of root model | help |
--class-name-affix-scope all | Scope for applying --class-name-prefix/--class-name-suffix. | help |
--class-name-prefix CLASS_NAME_PREFIX | Prefix to add to generated class names (e.g., 'Api' produces 'ApiUser'). | help |
--class-name-suffix CLASS_NAME_SUFFIX | Suffix to add to generated class names (e.g., 'Schema' produces 'UserSchema'). | help |
--collapse-reuse-models | When used with --reuse-model, collapse duplicate models by replacing references instead of creating empty inheritance subclasses. | help |
--collapse-root-models, --no-collapse-root-models | Models generated with a root-type field will be merged into the models using that root-type model | help |
--collapse-root-models-name-strategy child | Strategy for naming when collapsing root models that reference other models. | help |
--dataclass-arguments DATACLASS_ARGUMENTS | Custom dataclass arguments as a JSON dictionary, e.g. '{"frozen": true, "kw_only": true}'. | help |
--disable-appending-item-suffix | Disable appending `Item` suffix to model name in an array | help |
--disable-timestamp | Disable timestamp on file headers | help |
--duplicate-name-suffix DUPLICATE_NAME_SUFFIX | JSON mapping of type to suffix for resolving duplicate name conflicts. | help |
--enable-command-header | Enable command-line options on file headers for reproducibility | help |
--enable-faux-immutability | Enable faux immutability | help |
--enable-generated-header-marker | Enable @generated marker on file headers | help |
--enable-version-header | Enable package version on file headers | help |
--extra-fields allow | Set the generated models to allow, forbid, or ignore extra fields. | help |
--frozen-dataclasses | Generate frozen dataclasses (dataclass(frozen=True)). | help |
--infer-union-variant-names | Infer inline oneOf/anyOf branch model names from literal discriminator- style fields | help |
--keep-model-order | Keep generated models' order | help |
--keyword-only | Defined models as keyword only (for example dataclass(kw_only=True)). | help |
--model-name-map MODEL_NAME_MAP | Rename generated model classes by schema ref or current generated class name using a JSON object or JSON file. | help |
--module-split-mode single | Split generated models into separate files. | help |
--naming-strategy numbered | Strategy for generating unique model names when duplicates occur. | help |
--output-date-class date | Choose Date class between PastDate, FutureDate or date. | help |
--output-datetime-class datetime | Choose Datetime class between AwareDatetime, NaiveDatetime, PastDatetime, FutureDatetime or datetime. | help |
--parent-scoped-naming | Deprecated: --parent-scoped-naming is deprecated. | help |
--reuse-model | Reuse models on the field when a module has the model with the same content | help |
--reuse-scope module | Scope for model reuse deduplication: module (per-file, default) or tree (cross-file with shared module). | help |
--shared-module-name SHARED_MODULE_NAME | Name of the shared module for --reuse-scope=tree (default: "shared"). | help |
--skip-root-model | Skip generating the model for the root schema element | help |
--strict-dotted-module-names, --no-strict-dotted-module-names | Only infer dotted schema names as module paths when every segment is a canonical Python identifier. | help |
--target-pydantic-version 2 | Target Pydantic version for generated code. | help |
--target-python-version 3.10 | target python version | help |
--treat-dot-as-module, --no-treat-dot-as-module | Treat dotted schema names as module paths, creating nested directory structures (e.g., 'foo.bar.Model' becomes 'foo/bar.py'). | help |
--use-exact-imports | import exact types instead of modules, for example: "from .foo import Bar" instead of "from . | help |
--use-generic-base-class | Generate a shared base class with model configuration (e.g., extra='forbid') instead of repeating the configuration in each model. | help |
--use-pendulum | use pendulum instead of datetime | help |
--use-root-model-sequence-interface | Make non-null sequence-like Pydantic v2 RootModel classes implement collections.abc.Sequence by adding Sequence[T] inheritance and root- delegating __iter__, __getitem__, and __len__ methods | help |
--use-schema-description | Use schema description to populate class docstring | help |
--use-standard-primitive-types, --no-use-standard-primitive-types | Use Python standard library types for string formats (UUID, IPv4Address, etc.) instead of str. | help |
--use-title-as-name | use titles as class names of models | help |
--aliases ALIASES | Alias mapping as inline JSON or a JSON file path for renaming fields. | help |
--custom-file-header CUSTOM_FILE_HEADER | Custom file header | help |
--custom-file-header-mode replace | How to combine a custom file header with the generated header (default: replace) | help |
--custom-file-header-path CUSTOM_FILE_HEADER_PATH | Custom file header file path | help |
--custom-formatters-kwargs CUSTOM_FORMATTERS_KWARGS | Custom formatter kwargs as inline JSON or a JSON file path. | help |
--custom-template-dir CUSTOM_TEMPLATE_DIR | Custom template directory | help |
--default-values DEFAULT_VALUES | Default value overrides as inline JSON or a JSON file path. | help |
--encoding ENCODING | The encoding of input and output (default: utf-8) | help |
--extra-template-data EXTRA_TEMPLATE_DATA | Extra template data for output models as inline JSON or a JSON file path. | help |
--generate-schema-validators | Generate Pydantic v2 model validators for JSON Schema rules that cannot be represented as type hints (experimental). | help |
--no-deserialize-default-values | Disable schema default value deserialization. | help |
--schema-validator-base-class-name SCHEMA_VALIDATOR_BASE_CLASS_NAME | Set the generated shared Pydantic v2 schema runtime validator base class name. | help |
--schema-validator-type pydantic-v2 | Select the schema-derived runtime validator backend. | help |
--use-double-quotes | Model generated with double quotes. | help |
--use-type-checking-imports, --no-use-type-checking-imports | Allow Ruff to move typing-only imports into TYPE_CHECKING blocks. | help |
--validators VALIDATORS | Validators configuration as inline JSON or a JSON file path. | help |
--wrap-string-literal | Wrap string literal by using black `experimental-string-processing` option (require black 20.8b0 or later) | help |
--include-path-parameters | Include path parameters in generated parameter models in addition to query parameters (Only OpenAPI) | help |
--openapi-include-info-version | Emit OpenAPI info.version as OPENAPI_INFO_VERSION in generated models | help |
--read-only-write-only-model-type request-response | Model generation for readOnly/writeOnly fields: 'request-response' = Request/Response models only (no base model), 'all' = Base + Request + Response models. | help |
--use-operation-id-as-name | use operation id of OpenAPI as class names of models | help |
--use-status-code-in-response-name | Include HTTP status code in response model names (e.g., ResourceGetResponse200, ResourceGetResponseDefault) | help |
--validation | Deprecated: The `--validation` option is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. | help |
--graphql-no-typename | Exclude __typename field from generated GraphQL models. | help |
--all-jobs | Run every named job from pyproject.toml in declaration order (experimental). | help |
--check | Verify generated files are up-to-date without modifying them. | help |
--debug | show debug message (require "debug". | help |
--diff-against BASELINE_INPUT | Generate BASELINE_INPUT and the current --input into temporary outputs, then show the generated-code diff from baseline to current. | help |
--disable-warnings | disable warnings | help |
--fail-on-multi-module-stdout | Return an error instead of concatenating multiple generated modules in text stdout. | help |
--generate-cli-command | Generate CLI command from pyproject.toml configuration and exit | help |
--generate-prompt QUESTION | Generate a prompt for consulting LLMs about CLI options. | help |
--generate-pyproject-config | Generate pyproject.toml configuration from the provided CLI arguments and exit | help |
--ignore-pyproject | Ignore pyproject.toml configuration | help |
--install-skill codex | Install the bundled datamodel-code-generator Agent Skill and exit (experimental). | help |
--job NAME | Run a named job from pyproject.toml [tool.datamodel-codegen.jobs.<name>] (experimental). | help |
--list-deprecations table | List registered deprecations and scheduled breaking changes, then exit. | help |
--list-experimental table | List registered experimental features and their compatibility notes, then exit. | help |
--no-color | disable colorized output | help |
--output-format text | Format for command output (default: text). | help |
--output-format-json-schema config | Output JSON Schema for the selected JSON output or JSON configuration format and exit. | help |
--overwrite-skill | Replace an existing regular skill directory when used with --install- skill. | help |
--profile PROFILE | Use a named profile from pyproject.toml [tool.datamodel- codegen.profiles.<name>] | help |
--skill-scope project | Installation scope for --install-skill (default: project). | help |
--version | show version | help |
--watch | Watch input file(s) for changes and regenerate output automatically | help |
--watch-delay WATCH_DELAY | Debounce delay in seconds for watch mode (default: 0.5) | help |
-h, --help | show this help message and exit | help |