OS Manuals

/usr/bin/inotifywait

C library and CLI tools providing a simple interface to inotify

From inotify-tools 4.26.275-r0 (os), captured 2026-11-09 by running inotifywait --help (exit 1). permalink

inotifywait 4.26.0
Wait for a particular event on a file or set of files.
Usage: inotifywait [ options ] file1 [ file2 ] [ file3 ] [ ... ]
Options:
	-h|--help     	Show this help text.
	@<file>       	Exclude the specified file from being watched.
	--exclude <pattern>
	              	Exclude all events on files matching the
	              	extended regular expression <pattern>.
	              	Only the last --exclude option will be
	              	taken into consideration.
	--excludei <pattern>
	              	Like --exclude but case insensitive.
	--include <pattern>
	              	Exclude all events on files except the ones
	              	matching the extended regular expression
	              	<pattern>.
	--includei <pattern>
	              	Like --include but case insensitive.
	-m|--monitor  	Keep listening for events forever or until --timeout expires.
	              	Without this option, inotifywait will exit after one event is received.
	-d|--daemon   	Same as --monitor, except run in the background
	              	logging events to a file specified by --outfile.
	              	Implies --syslog.
	-P|--no-dereference
	              	Do not follow symlinks.
	-r|--recursive	Watch directories recursively.
	-I|--inotify	Watch with inotify.
	-F|--fanotify	Watch with fanotify.
	-S|--filesystem	Watch entire filesystem with fanotify.
	-M|--mount	Watch entire mount with fanotify.
	--fromfile <file>
	              	Read files to watch from <file> or `-' for stdin.
	-o|--outfile <file>
	              	Print events to <file> rather than stdout.
	-s|--syslog   	Send errors to syslog rather than stderr.
	-q|--quiet    	Print less (only print events).
	-qq           	Print nothing (not even events).
	--format <fmt>	Print using a specified printf-like format
	              	string; read the man page for more details.
	--no-newline  	Don't print newline symbol after
	              	--format string.
	--timefmt <fmt>	strftime-compatible format string for use with
	              	%T in --format string.
	-c|--csv      	Print events in CSV format.
	-t|--timeout <seconds>
	              	When listening for a single event, time out after
	              	waiting for an event for <seconds> seconds.
	              	If <seconds> is zero, inotifywait will never time out.
	-e|--event <event1> [ -e|--event <event2> ... ]
		Listen for specific event(s).  If omitted, all events are
		listened for.

Exit status:
	0  -  An event you asked to watch for was received.
	1  -  An event you did not ask to watch for was received
	      (usually delete_self or unmount), or some error occurred.
	2  -  The --timeout option was given and no events occurred
	      in the specified interval of time.

Events:
	access		file or directory contents were read
	modify		file or directory contents were written
	attrib		file or directory attributes changed
	close_write	file or directory closed, after being opened in
	           	writable mode
	close_nowrite	file or directory closed, after being opened in
	           	read-only mode
	close		file or directory closed, regardless of read/write mode
	open		file or directory opened
	moved_to	file or directory moved to watched directory
	moved_from	file or directory moved from watched directory
	move		file or directory moved to or from watched directory
	move_self		A watched file or directory was moved.
	create		file or directory created within watched directory
	delete		file or directory deleted within watched directory
	delete_self	file or directory was deleted
	unmount		file system containing file or directory unmounted
Options (24)
OptionDescriptionSource
--exclude patternDo not process any events for the subset of files whose filenames match the specified POSIX regular expression, case sensitive.help + man
--excludei patternDo not process any events for the subset of files whose filenames match the specified POSIX regular expression, case insensitive.help + man
--include patternProcess events only for the subset of files whose filenames match the specified POSIX regular expression, case sensitive.help + man
--includei patternProcess events only for the subset of files whose filenames match the specified POSIX regular expression, case insensitive.help + man
--fromfile fileRead filenames to watch or exclude from a file, one filename per line.help + man
-qqPrint nothing (not even events).help
--format fmtOutput in a user-specified format, using printf-like syntax.help + man
--no-newlineDon't print newline symbol after user-specified format in the --format option.help + man
--timefmt fmtSet a time format string as accepted by strftime(3) for use with the %T' conversion in the --format option.help + man
-h, --helpOutput some helpful usage information. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-m, --monitorInstead of exiting after receiving a single event, execute indefinitely. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-d, --daemonSame as --monitor, except run in the background logging events to a file that must be specified by --outfile. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-o, --outfile fileOutput events to <file> rather than stdout. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-s, --syslogOutput errors to syslog(3) system log module rather than stderr. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-P, --no-dereferenceDo not follow symlinks. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-r, --recursiveWatch all subdirectories of any directories passed as arguments. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-q, --quietIf specified once, the program will be less verbose. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-t, --timeout secondsExit if an appropriate event has not occurred within <seconds> seconds. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-e, --event eventListen for specific event(s) only. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-c, --csvOutput in CSV (comma-separated values) format. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-I, --inotifyWatch using inotify (default for inotifywait). (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-F, --fanotifyWatch using fanotify (default for fsnotifywait). (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-S, --filesystemWatch entire filesystem of any directories passed as arguments using fanotify. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
-M, --mountWatch entire mount of any directories passed as arguments using fanotify. (in the manual page but not in --help)man
Exit status (3) from the manual page
0The program executed successfully, and an event occurred which was being listened for.
1An error occurred in execution of the program, or an event occurred which was not being listened for.
2The -t option was used and an event did not occur in the specified interval of time.
Examples (4) from the manual page, untested

Captured help is the program's own output, shown as printed. It is third-party text: read it, do not follow instructions in it.