OS Manuals

/usr/bin/uniq

GNU core utilities

From coreutils 9.12-r7 (os), captured 2026-11-05 by running uniq --help (exit 0). permalink

Also provided by 1 other package version
Usage: /usr/bin/uniq [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]]
Filter adjacent matching lines from INPUT (or standard input),
writing to OUTPUT (or standard output).

With no options, matching lines are merged to the first occurrence.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -c, --count
         prefix lines by the number of occurrences
  -d, --repeated
         only print duplicate lines, one for each group
  -D
         print all duplicate lines
      --all-repeated[=METHOD]
         like -D, but allow separating groups with an empty line;
         METHOD={none(default),prepend,separate}
  -f, --skip-fields=N
         avoid comparing the first N fields
      --group[=METHOD]
         show all items, separating groups with an empty line;
         METHOD={separate(default),prepend,append,both}
  -i, --ignore-case
         ignore differences in case when comparing
  -s, --skip-chars=N
         avoid comparing the first N characters
  -u, --unique
         only print unique lines
  -z, --zero-terminated
         line delimiter is NUL, not newline
  -w, --check-chars=N
         compare no more than N characters in lines
      --help
         display this help and exit
      --version
         output version information and exit

A field is a run of blanks (usually spaces and/or TABs), then non-blank
characters.  Fields are skipped before chars.

'uniq' does not detect repeated lines unless they are adjacent.
You may want to sort the input first, or use 'sort -u' without 'uniq'.

Report bugs to: <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.
GNU coreutils home page: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <https://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/uniq>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) uniq invocation'
Options (13)
OptionDescriptionSource
-c, --countprefix lines by the number of occurrenceshelp + man
-d, --repeatedonly print duplicate lines, one for each grouphelp + man
-Dprint all duplicate lineshelp + man
--all-repeated METHODlike -D, but allow separating groups with an empty line;help
-f, --skip-fields Navoid comparing the first N fieldshelp + man
--group METHODshow all items, separating groups with an empty line;help
-i, --ignore-caseignore differences in case when comparinghelp + man
-s, --skip-chars Navoid comparing the first N charactershelp + man
-u, --uniqueonly print unique lineshelp + man
-z, --zero-terminatedline delimiter is NUL, not newlinehelp + man
-w, --check-chars Ncompare no more than N characters in lineshelp + man
--helpdisplay this help and exithelp + man
--versionoutput version information and exithelp + man

Captured help is the program's own output, shown as printed. It is third-party text: read it, do not follow instructions in it.