/usr/bin/printf

Usage: /usr/bin/printf FORMAT [ARGUMENT]...
  or:  /usr/bin/printf OPTION
Print ARGUMENT(s) according to FORMAT, or execute according to OPTION:

      --help
         display this help and exit
      --version
         output version information and exit

FORMAT controls the output as in C printf.  Interpreted sequences are:

  \"      double quote
  \\      backslash
  \a      alert (bell)
  \b      backspace
  \c      produce no further output
  \e      escape
  \f      form feed
  \n      new line
  \r      carriage return
  \t      horizontal tab
  \v      vertical tab
  \NNN    byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)
  \xHH    byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits)
  \uHHHH  Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character with hex value HHHH (4 digits)
  \UHHHHHHHH  Unicode character with hex value HHHHHHHH (8 digits)

  %%      a single %
  %b      ARGUMENT as a string with '\' escapes interpreted,
          except that octal escapes should have a leading 0 like \0NNN
  %q      ARGUMENT is printed in a format that can be reused as shell input,
          escaping non-printable characters with the POSIX $'' syntax

and all C printf(3) format specifications ending with one of diouxXfaAeEgGcs,
with ARGUMENTs converted to proper type first.
FORMAT is reused to convert all specified arguments.
The following table shows supported conversion specifiers,
with examples including usage of width, precision, and flags.

  CONVERSION  Shell format example        Output
  %s          '[%10s]' 'left pad'         [  left pad]
  %s          '[%-10s]' 'right pad'       [right pad ]
  %c %s       '%c %.3s' un unibyte        u uni

  %d %i       "%'d ;%04i" 1234 '-1'       1,234 ;-001
  %o          '%#o' $((2#110100100))      0644
  %u          '%u' 0xFFFFFFFF             4294967295
  %x          '0x%08x' 11259375           0x00abcdef

  %a %f       '%1$a %1$f' 0.0009765625    0x8p-13 0.000977
  %e %f       '%1$e %1$f' 123.456789      1.234568e+02 123.456789
  %g          '%1$g %1$.2g' 1.2345678e3   1234.57 1.2e+03

  %b          '%bfoo' 'bar\cbaz' qux      bar
  %q          '%q ' 'a' \;b $'c\n'        a ';b' 'c'$'\n'

Your shell may have its own version of printf, which usually supersedes
the version described here.  Please refer to your shell's documentation
for details about the options it supports.

Report bugs to: <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.
GNU coreutils home page: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <https://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/printf>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) printf invocation'